Metadata Report for BODC Series Reference Number 680096
Metadata Summary
Problem Reports
Data Access Policy
Narrative Documents
Project Information
Data Activity or Cruise Information
Fixed Station Information
BODC Quality Flags
Metadata Summary
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Problem Reports
No Problem Report Found in the Database
Data Access Policy
Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas) data access conditions
The Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas) is an Executive Agency of the Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra), formerly the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (MAFF). It was also known previously as the Directorate of Fisheries Research (DFR). This data policy refers to data collected by the organisation under all titles.
- These data have no specific confidentiality restrictions for academic users. However data are restricted for commercial requests and clearance must be obtained by BODC from Cefas before they are released.
- Users must acknowledge data sources as it is not ethical to publish data without proper attribution. Any publication or other output resulting from usage of the data should include an acknowledgement.
- The recommended acknowledgement is: "This study uses data from the Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), provided by the British Oceanographic Data Centre."
Narrative Documents
Chelsea Instruments MINItracka Fluorometer
The MINItracka Fluorometer is an in-situ optical sensor that uses a single high intensity LED light source and, according to the manufacturer, is designed to enhance rejection of ambient daylight. The fluorometer provides a linear response between chlorophyll concentration and fluorometer voltage.
Sensor specifications, current at August 2006, are given in the table below. More information can be found at the manufacturer's specification sheet.
Sensor Specifications
| Chlorophyll-a | Chlorophyll-a | Rhodamine | Amido Rhodamine | Fluorescein | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Excitation wavelengths | 430/30 nm | 470/30 nm | 470/30 nm | 425/30 nm | 480/80 nm |
| Emission wavelength | 685/30 nm | 685/30 nm | 590/45 nm | 550/30 nm | 530/30 nm |
| Concentration range | 0.03-100 µg l-1 | 0.03-100 µg l-1 | 0.03-100 µg l-1 | 0.04-200 µg l-1 | 0.03-100 µg l-1 |
| Resolution | 0.01 µg l-1 | 0.01 µg l-1 | 0.01 µg l-1 | 0.025 µg l-1 | 0.01 µg l-1 |
| Calibration standard | Chlorophyll-a in acetone | Chlorophyll-a in acetone |
| Nephelometer | Phycoerythrin | Phycocyanin | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Excitation wavelengths | 470/30 nm | 530/30 nm | 590/35nm |
| Emission wavelength | 470/30 nm | 580/30 nm | 645/35 nm |
| Concentration range | 0.04-100 FTU | 0.03-100 µg l-1 | 0.03-100 µg l-1 |
| Resolution | 0.01 FTU | 0.01 µg l-1 | 0.01 µg l-1 |
| Mechanical | Electrical | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Body Size | 149 mm long x 70 mm dia | Input Voltage | 7 to 40 VDC |
| Weight in Air | 0.7 Kg | Output Voltage | 0 to 4 VDC (linear) |
| Weight in Water | 0.15 Kg | Power requirements | 0.7 W typical |
| Depth Rating | 600 m | Signal : Noise | 10,000 : 1 @ full scale |
Cefas SmartBuoy data processing
This document outlines the procedures in place at Cefas in August 2005 for processing and quality assuring SmartBuoy data.
Raw data files are processed and the data move through 4 levels, starting with raw data at level 0 through to level 3, where data are fully quality-assured and expressed in appropriate units. The application of the procedures at each level result in data deemed fit to progress to the next level.
Cefas Quality Assurance (QA) Protocols
At Level 0, raw binary data files from the loggers are transferred to the network.
Automated checks - Level 1
Level 1 involves applying automated quality assurance procedures to the data. These include the following steps:
- Burst data are loaded into memory for processing.
- Calibration data for all instruments and sensors used on the deployment are retrieved from the SmartBuoy database. These may be manufacturers' sensor calibrations or the most current laboratory calibrations. Instruments are returned to the manufacturer and re-calibrated at regular intervals.
- mV are converted to volts, where necessary.
- LiCor signals are converted from Volts to PAR irradiance in µE m-2 s-1.
- Salinity is derived from C and T using UNESCO 88 (PSS78) formula.
- Burst data maximum and minimum ranges are checked and flagged if they fail the checks.
- Burst means, result count, and result standard deviation are calculated from non-flagged burst data.
- If there are data from two PAR sensors at different depths, Kd (m-1) is calculated for burst mean data only as LN(PAR1m/PAR2m).
- Burst mean data maximum, minimum and rate of change checks are carried out and flags applied to any failures.
- Time stamped burst and burst mean data with default units are stored on SmartBuoy database.
The data are now at QA status = 1.
Manual checks - Level 2
Level 1 burst mean data are now ready for manual QA procedures in order to progress to Level 2. Deployment notes are consulted for any comments on sensor performance or malfunction and post-deployment photographs of sensors, if available, are examined.
Cefas use a data visualisation tool to examine the SmartBuoy data.
- A comparison is made between the end of one deployment with beginning of the next to identify possible drift and/or biofouling of OBS, Fluorometer, Salinity, PAR, and oxygen sensors.
- Battery voltages are checked for sudden jumps and, if present, other sensors are examined for similar jumps to determine whether there is a problem with the sensor or if the buoy was disturbed.
- Reference voltages on the FSI CT module are checked.
- The standard deviation of OBS is examined. A steady increase in standard deviation is a good indication of the onset of biofouling. It is also used as a rough indicator for fluorometers during summer, except during spring, when there are large fluctuations in chlorophyll.
- Li-Cor is examined for fouling, which could be indicated by a steady drop in daily maximum or a steady increase in standard deviation. If above-water Li-Cor data are available, they are used for comparison.
- Pressure is examined for sudden decreases, indicating when the buoy was taken out of the water.
- Roll and pitch are examined for any anomalies. It is expected that the spring/neap cycle will be present in the buoy tilt signal.
- Where possible, comparison is made between burst mean data from sensors measuring the same variable. This is in order to determine whether there is a systematic offset (drift) or sensor fault and whether biofouling is present.
- Comparison is made between burst mean sensor outputs from different variables as this can be helpful in determining the onset of biofouling. Any data that fail the checks are flagged with flags specific to the check that was failed.
Calibrations - Level 3
The combined information from Level 2 is used to determine the periods during which the data series are considered suspect. The data have now reached QA status = 2 and can progress to Level 3, where they will be fully calibrated with field-derived sample data.
- For salinity an offset is calculated as the difference between result output from logger and the result from a discrete sample collected at the same time.
- Calibration from regression analysis of field samples and logger output is applied to derive new parameters, e.g. chlorophyll calculated from fluorescence, suspended load calculated from OBS.
- Chlorophyll calibrations are determined from GF/F filtered water samples, which are extracted in acetone and measured for fluorescence using a Turner Designs Fluorometer.
- Suspended matter calibrations are determined from a known volume of water sample filtered through pre-weighed 0.4 µm Cyclopore filters. The filters are dried and reweighed to determine the weight of material per unit volume.
- Salinity is calibrated using water samples that have been analysed with a Guildline Autosal salinometer.
- Water samples from the Aqua Monitor are analysed for nutrients by colorimetric analysis of 0.4 µm Cyclopore-filtered samples.
The data have now reached QA status = 3 as time stamped, field calibrated burst mean data with parameter codes and units stored on SmartBuoy database with associated uncertainty or 95% confidence limits as appropriate. All SmartBuoy data banked at BODC have passed full Cefas QA procedures. Data that fail the Cefas QA checks are not submitted for banking.
SmartBuoy data processing by BODC
The following outlines the procedures that take place at BODC for banking Cefas SmartBuoy data.
BODC receives SmartBuoy data from Cefas after all quality checks have been passed and all possible calibrations applied. The data files are submitted as separate MS Excel spreadsheets for each parameter, i.e. there are separate files for temperature and salinity from the same instrument. An exact copy of the data is archived for safekeeping upon arrival.
Once the submitted data files are safely archived, the data undergo standard reformatting and banking procedures:
- The data files are reformatted using an in-house Matlab transfer program (TR369) into a common format, which is a NetCDF subset.
- Data files arising from the same instrument are combined into a single file.
- Standard parameter codes are assigned that accurately describe the data.
- Unit conversions are applied, if necessary, so that units are standardised. Oxygen concentration supplied by the originator in units of mg l-1 is converted to µmol l-1 by multiplying by 31.25.
- The data are screened visually and any spikes or instrument malfunctions can be clearly labelled with quality control flags.
- Comprehensive documentation is prepared describing the collection, processing and quality of each data series.
- Detailed metadata and documents are loaded to the database and linked to each series so that the information is readily available to future users.
Project Information
Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory Coastal Observatory
The Coastal Observatory was established by Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory as a coastal zone real time observing and monitoring system. The main objective is to understand a coastal sea's response both to natural forcing and to the consequences of human activity. Near real-time measurements will be integrated with coupled models into a pre-operational coastal prediction system whose results will be displayed on the World Wide Web.
The Observatory is expected to grow and evolve as resources and technology allow, all the while building up long time series. A site selection pilot study was carried out in September 2001 and the Observatory became operational in August 2002.
The site is located in Liverpool Bay and is subject to typical coastal sea processes, with strong tides, occasional large storm surges and waves, freshwater input, stable and unstable stratification, high suspended sediment concentration and biogeochemical interaction. Measurements and monitoring will focus on the impacts of storms, variations in river discharge (especially the Mersey), seasonality and blooms in Liverpool Bay.
A variety of methods will be used to obtain measurements, including:
- Moored instruments for in situ time series of currents, temperature and salinity profiles, and surface waves and meteorology. It is hoped that turbidity and chlorophyll measurements will be made at another site as the Observatory progresses;
- The Cefas Smartbuoy for surface properties such as nutrients and chlorophyll, starting late 2002;
- R.V. Prince Madog to carry out spatial surveys and service moorings;
- Instrumented ferries for near surface temperature, salinity, turbidity, chlorophyll and nutrients. The first route will be Liverpool to Douglas, Isle of Man, starting late 2002;
- Drifters for surface currents and properties such as temperature and salinity, starting in 2004;
- Tide gauges, with sensors for meteorology, waves, temperature and salinity, where appropriate;
- Meteorological data from Bidston Observatory, HF radar and tide gauge sites;
- Shore-based HF radar measuring waves and surface currents out to a range of 50 km, starting in 2003;
- Satellite data, with infrared for sea surface temperature and visible for chlorophyll and suspended sediment.
The partners currently involved with the project are listed below:
- Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory
- British Oceanographic Data Centre
- UK Meteorological Office
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science
- Environment Agency
- Liverpool University and Port Erin Marine Laboratory
- Bangor University School of Ocean Sciences
- National Oceanography Centre Southampton
- Department of Agriculture and Rural Development in Northern Ireland
A summary of Coastal Observatory cruises to date on R.V. Prince Madog is given in the table below:
| Year | No. of cruises | Work summary |
|---|---|---|
| 2001 | 1 | Site selection and pilot study. 95 CTD casts. |
| 2002 | 4 | POL moorings deployed and serviced Cefas Waverider and SmartBuoy deployed and serviced 103 CTD casts |
| 2003 | 10 | POL moorings serviced Cefas Waverider and SmartBuoy serviced 341 CTD/LISST casts |
| 2004 | 9 | POL moorings serviced Cefas Waverider and SmartBuoy serviced 347 CTD/LISST casts |
| 2005 | 9 | POL moorings serviced Cefas Waverider and SmartBuoy serviced 268 CTD/LISST casts |
| 2006 | 11 | POL moorings serviced Cefas Waverider and SmartBuoy serviced 508 CTD/LISST casts |
| 2007 | 9 | POL moorings serviced Cefas Waverider and SmartBuoy serviced 471 CTD/LISST casts |
| 2008 | 9 | POL moorings serviced Cefas Waverider and SmartBuoy serviced 260 CTD/LISST casts |
| 2009 | 7 | POL moorings serviced Cefas Waverider and SmartBuoy serviced 213 CTD/LISST casts |
| 2010 | 8 | POL moorings serviced Cefas Waverider and SmartBuoy serviced 268 CTD/LISST casts |
| 2011 | 6 | POL moorings serviced Cefas Waverider and SmartBuoy serviced 307 CTD/LISST casts to date, ongoing |
Data Activity or Cruise Information
Data Activity
| Start Date (yyyy-mm-dd) | 2005-10-26 |
| End Date (yyyy-mm-dd) | 2005-12-14 |
| Organization Undertaking Activity | Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science Lowestoft Laboratory |
| Country of Organization | United Kingdom |
| Originator's Data Activity Identifier | LB1_029/POLRIG944 |
| Platform Category | moored surface buoy |
SmartBuoy deployment LB1_029/POLRIG 944
Deployment and recovery
This mooring was deployed in a collaboration between Cefas and the POL Liverpool Bay Coastal Observatory. The rig was deployed during RV Prince Madog cruise No. 41, 2005 (PD41_05). The rig was recovered in December 2005 during RV Prince Madog cruise No. 48, 2005 (PD48_05).
Rig Description
The SmartBuoy carried a suite of Cefas instruments mounted just below the surface, as well as instrumentation belonging to POL at 5 m. Further information is given in the table below.
The single point mooring was composed mainly of 0.5 inch long link chain, marked by a 1.8 m diameter toroid and anchored with a half ton clump of scrap chain.
| Instrument | Serial Number | Meter depth (m) | Record Length (days) | Owner |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chelsea Instruments Minitracka Fluorometer | 175064 | 1 | 49 | Cefas |
| Falmouth Scientific OEM CT sensor | 1841 | 1 | 49 | Cefas |
| Seapoint Turbidity meter | 1679 | 1 | 49 | Cefas |
| LI-COR-192 Underwater Quantum sensor | 13 | 1 | 49 | Cefas |
| LI-COR-192 Underwater Quantum sensor | 18 | 2 | 49 | Cefas |
| EnviroTech WMS-2 Aqua Monitor water sampler | 2327 | 1 | 48 | Cefas |
| EnviroTech NAS in situ nutrient analyser | 2623 | 1 | 49 | Cefas |
| Aanderaa Oxygen Optode | 128 | 1 | 49 | Cefas |
| Sea-Bird 37 MicroCAT | 2010 | 5 | 49 | POL |
- Cefas - The Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft (UK)
- POL - The Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory, Liverpool (UK)
Other Series linked to this Data Activity - 680035 696271 680060 680127 680152 680188 680244 680220
Cruise
| Cruise Name | PD41/05 |
| Departure Date | 2005-10-26 |
| Arrival Date | 2005-10-27 |
| Principal Scientist(s) | M John Howarth (Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory) |
| Ship | RV Prince Madog |
Complete Cruise Metadata Report is available here
Fixed Station Information
Fixed Station Information
| Station Name | COA |
| Category | Offshore area |
| Latitude | 53° 31.51' N |
| Longitude | 3° 23.00' W |
| Water depth below MSL | 26.0 m |
Liverpool Bay Coastal Observatory Mooring Site A (COA/Site 1/Site 9)
This station is the main mooring site for the Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory (POL) Liverpool Bay Coastal Observatory and was first occupied in 2002. It is also known both as Coastal Observatory Site 1 and Site 9. POL perform two main types of activities at this station: they deploy moorings; and in addition, they take CTD profiles during each site visit. The station lies within a box of mean water depth 22.5 m with the following co-ordinates:
| Box Corner | Latitude (+ve North) | Longitude (+ve East) |
|---|---|---|
| North-west corner | 53.54097 | -3.42958 |
| South-east corner | 53.50945 | -3.33714 |
The position of this station relative to the other POL Coastal Observatory sites can be seen from the figure below.
Mooring Deployment History
2011
| Rig Type | Typical Instruments | Rig IDs | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Frame | ADCP, CTD, OBS, OXY | 1117 for January cruise. Other frame IDs not available at this time. | January - September |
| SmartBuoy | CTD x 2, AC-S, CT x 2, FL x 3, OBS x 2, PAR x 2, WMS, NAS, OXY, T x 2 | 1116 for January cruise. Other frame IDs not available at this time. | January - September |
| SparBuoy | AC-S, FL, CTD x 2, T | Frame ID not available at this time. | September |
2010
| Rig Type | Typical Instruments | Rig IDs | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Frame | ADCP, CTD, ADV, OBS | 1086, 1090, 1094, 1098, 1102, 1106, 1109 | January - December |
| SmartBuoy | CT x 2, FL x 2, OBS, PAR x 2, WMS, NAS, CTD, OXY, BD, T | 1085, 1089, 1093, 1097, 1101, 1105, 1108, 1112 | January - December |
2009
| Rig Type | Typical Instruments | Rig IDs | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Frame | ADCP, CTD, ADV, OBS | 1055, 1062, 1067, 1071, 1074, 1078, 1082 | January - December |
| SmartBuoy | CT x 2, FL x 2, OBS, PAR x 2, WMS, NAS, CTD, OXY, BD, T | 1054, 1061, 1066, 1070, 1073, 1077, 1081 | January - December |
2008
| Rig Type | Typical Instruments | Rig IDs | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Frame | ADCP, CTD, ADV, OBS | 1024, 1028, 1032, 1036, 1041, 1044, 1047, 1051 | January - December |
| SmartBuoy | CT x 2, FL x 2, OBS, PAR x 2, WMS, NAS, CTD, OXY, BD, T | LB1_047/1023, LB1_048/1027, LB1_049/1031, LB1_050/1035, 1040, 1043, LB1_053/1050 | January - December |
2007
| Rig Type | Typical Instruments | Rig IDs | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Frame | ADCP, CTD, ADV, OBS | 990, 997, 1001, 1005, 1010, 1014, 1017, 1021 | January - December |
| SmartBuoy | CT x 2, FL x 2, OBS, PAR x 2, WMS, NAS, CTD, OXY, BD, T | LB1_039/989, LB1_040/996, LB1_041/1000, LB1_042/1004, LB1_043/1009, LB1_044/1013, LB1_045/1016, LB1_046/1020 | January - December |
2006
| Rig Type | Typical Instruments | Rig IDs | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Frame | ADCP, CTD, ADV, OBS | 951, 962, 966, 970, 974, 978, 982, 986 | January - December |
| SmartBuoy | CT x 2, FL x 2, OBS, PAR x 2, WMS, NAS, CTD, OXY, BD | 958, 961, 965, 969, 973, 977, LB1_037/981, LB1_038/985 | January - December |
2005
| Rig Type | Typical Instruments | Rig IDs | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Frame | ADCP, CT | 913, 914, 921, 925, 929, 933, 938, 942, 945, 949 | January - December |
| SmartBuoy | CT, FL, OBS, PAR, WMS, NAS, OXY | 912, 920, 924, 928, 932, 937, LB1_028/941, LB1_029/944, LB1_030/948 | January - December |
| Frame with telemetry buoy | ADCP | 914 | March - April |
2004
| Rig Type | Typical Instruments | Rig IDs | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Frame | BPR, ADCP, TR, CT | 890, 892, 893, 896, 898, 900, 902, 904, 907, 908, 910, 911 | January - December |
| SmartBuoy | CT, FL, OBS, PAR, WMS, NAS | 889, 891, 895, 897, 899, 901, 903, 906, 909 | January - December |
| Frame with telemetry buoy | ADCP | 893, 908, 911 | April - May, October - December |
2003
| Rig Type | Instruments | Rig IDs | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Frame | BPR, ADCP, TR, CT | 861, 864, 866, 869, 872, 878, 880, 883, 885, 887, 888 | January - December |
| SmartBuoy | CT, FL, OBS, PAR, WMS, NAS | 863, 865, 867, 870, 871, 877, 879, 882, 884, 886 | January - December |
2002
| Rig Type | Instruments | Rig IDs | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Frame | BPR, ADCP, TR, CT | 851, 854, 856, 858 | August - December |
| Line mooring | CT x 3 | 853, 855 | August - November |
| SmartBuoy | CT, FL, OBS, PAR, WMS, NAS | 857, 860 | November - December |
2001
| Rig Type | Instruments | Rig IDs | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Frame | ADCP, OBS | 838, 839, 840, 841, 843, 844, 845, 846, 848, 849 | September |
CTD Sampling History
| Year | Number of Cruises | Total Casts per year |
| 2011 | 6 | 116 including a 46 cast tidal cycle from 2011-04-18 to 2011-04-19 and a 51 cast tidal cycle station from 2011-07-27 to 2011-07-28 |
| 2010 | 7 | 69 including a 52 cast tidal cycle station from 2010-04-28 to 2010-04-29 |
| 2009 | 7 | 21 |
| 2008 | 9 | 75 including a 54 cast tidal cycle station from 2008-05-13 to 2008-05-14 |
| 2007 | 8 | 71 including a 51 cast tidal cycle station from 2007-05-15 to 2007-05-16 |
| 2006 | 9 | 72 including a 53 cast tidal cycle station from 2006-05-09 to 2006-05-10 |
| 2005 | 9 | 41 including a 22 cast tidal cycle station from 2005-04-05 to 2005-04-06 |
| 2004 | 9 | 77 including a 54 cast tidal cycle station from 2004-05-11 to 2004-05-12 |
| 2003 | 10 | 28 |
| 2002 | 4 | 13 |
The CTD instrument package for these cruises was a Sea-Bird 911plus, with beam transmissometer, fluorometer, LICOR PAR sensor, LISST-25, and oxygen sensor.
Key
AC-S = Absorption and attenuation spectrophotometer
ADCP = Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler
ADV = Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter
BD = Bacterial degradation experiment
BPR = Bottom Pressure Recorder
CT = Conductivity and temperature logger
CTD = Conductivity, temperature, depth sensor
FL = Fluorometer
NAS = in-situ nutrient analyser
OBS = Optical Backscatter Turbidity meter
OXY = Oxygen sensor
PAR = PAR sensor
T = Temperature logger
TR = Transmissometer
WMS = Automatic water sampler
Other Series linked to this Fixed Station for this cruise - 680035 680060 680127 680152 680188 680220 680244 696271 696326
Other Cruises linked to this Fixed Station (with the number of series) - PD01/08 (16) PD02/03 (4) PD02/05 (3) PD02/07 (14) PD02/09B (16) PD02/10 (9) PD05/10 (10) PD06/07 (15) PD07/08 (14) PD09/06 (11) PD09/07 (63) PD09/08 (15) PD10/03 (3) PD10/10 (8) PD11/05 (1) PD11/11 (48) PD12/05 (2) PD12/09 (10) PD13/07 (13) PD14/08 (67) PD16/06 (8) PD16/07 (14) PD17/03 (4) PD17/10 (9) PD18/04 (5) PD18/05 (3) PD18/09 (11) PD19/08 (2) PD20/02 (5) PD20/06 (8) PD20/07 (16) PD21/05 (3) PD21/10 (9) PD22/04 (5) PD22/06 (8) PD23/03A (4) PD23/07 (15) PD23/08 (12) PD24/02 (1) PD24/09 (11) PD25/03B (4) PD25/05 (3) PD25/06 (8) PD25/11 (4) PD27/07 (16) PD29/04 (4) PD29/06 (8) PD29/08 (13) PD29/10 (11) PD30/05 (2) PD31/02 (4) PD31/03 (4) PD32/04 (4) PD33/08 (4) PD33/09 (10) PD34/03 (4) PD34/05 (9) PD35/02 (4) PD35/06 (13) PD36/10 (10) PD37/06 (13) PD37/08 (17) PD38/03 (5) PD38/04 (4) PD38/09 (10) PD41/05 (9) PD43/11 (3) PD47/09 (9) PD48/05 (10) PD49/10 (7)
BODC Quality Control Flags
The following single character qualifying flags may be associated with one or more individual parameters with a data cycle:
| Flag | Description |
|---|---|
| Blank | Unqualified |
| < | Below detection limit |
| > | In excess of quoted value |
| A | Taxonomic flag for affinis (aff.) |
| B | Beginning of CTD Down/Up Cast |
| C | Taxonomic flag for confer (cf.) |
| D | Thermometric depth |
| E | End of CTD Down/Up Cast |
| G | Non-taxonomic biological characteristic uncertainty |
| H | Extrapolated value |
| I | Taxonomic flag for single species (sp.) |
| K | Improbable value - unknown quality control source |
| L | Improbable value - originator's quality control |
| M | Improbable value - BODC quality control |
| N | Null value |
| O | Improbable value - user quality control |
| P | Trace/calm |
| Q | Indeterminate |
| R | Replacement value |
| S | Estimated value |
| T | Interpolated value |
| U | Uncalibrated |
| W | Control value |
| X | Excessive difference |
