Resources

RRS James Clark Ross JR19950921 (AMT1, JRXX1)

Cruise summary report

Cruise Info. 
Ship name (ship code)RRS James Clark Ross (74JC)
Cruise identifierJR19950921 (AMT1, JRXX1)
Cruise period1995-09-21 — 1995-10-24
StatusCompleted
Port of departureGrimsby, United Kingdom
Port of returnStanley, Falkland Islands (Malvinas)
PurposeResearch
ObjectivesAtlantic Meridional Transect (AMT)

The primary objective of the AMT programme is to investigate basic biological processes in the open Atlantic Ocean over very broad spatial scales. For AMT-1, the meridional range covered was approximately 50° N to 50° S or nearly 8000 nmi. The measurements to be taken during the AMT cruises are fundamental for the calibration, validation, and continuing understanding of remotely sensed observations of biological oceanography. They are also important for understanding plankton community structure over latitudinal scales and the role of the world ocean in global carbon cycles. During AMT-1 a variety of instruments were used to map the physical, chemical, and biological structure of the upper 200m of the water column. Ocean colour measurements, photosynthetic activity and primary productivity, samples and data for planktonic assemblages, pCO2 and light attenuation were also measured. The AMT programme is also attempting to meet the needs of international agencies in their implementation of Sensor Intercomparison and Merger for Biological and Interdisciplinary Ocean Studies (SIMBOS), a programme to develop a methodology and operational capability to combine data products from the various ocean colour satellite missions. The AMT programme also forms a significant component of two NERC Special Topic PRIME projects, P19 and P20.

Objectives:
1. Acquire data for the calibration of remotely sensed observations (primary validation)
2. Secondary validation of remotely sensed products (e.g., chlorophyll concentration)
3. Develop models that enable the interpretation of satellite imagery in terms of total water column properties
4. Interpret basin-scale remote sensing observations
5. Understand further the interaction between physica processes and biological production
6. Identify and quantify latitudinal changes in biogeochemical provinces
7. Determine phytoplankton characteristics and photosynthetic parameters
8. Relate the partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) in surface waters with the biological production
9. Identify nutrient regimes
10. Characterise plankton community structure, including the accurate determination of carbon values in accordance with Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS) protocols
Chief scientistDavid Robins (Plymouth Marine Laboratory)
ProjectAMT
Cruise reportRRS James Clark Ross JR19950921 (AMT1, JRXX1) cruise report jr_amt1.pdf (4.18 MB) 
Ocean/sea areas 
GeneralNorth Atlantic Ocean
South Atlantic Ocean
Track chartsRRS James Clark Ross JR19950921 (AMT1, JRXX1) cruise track — jr_amt1track.pdf (0.07 MB) 
Measurements 
Physical oceanography 
BathythermographQuantity: number of deployments = 87
Description: XBT were deployed at a number of locations.
Water bottle stationsQuantity: number of stations = 25
Description: CTD bottle rosette readings were recorded. Depth range 7-200m.
CTD stationsQuantity: number of stations = 25
Description: CTD bottle rosette readings were recorded. Depth range 7-200m.
Contamination 
Suspended matterQuantity: number of measurements = 25
Description: Particulate carbon log. Depth Range 7-160m.
Biology and fisheries 
ZooplanktonQuantity: number of measurements = 25
Description: Zooplankton carbon log. Depth range 98-205m.
Data held at BODC Get data
Series/Profiles 
50  Bottle station
Reference numbers
Nitrite concentration parameters in the water column
Vertical spatial coordinates
Phosphate concentration parameters in the water column
Silicate concentration parameters in the water column
Nitrate concentration parameters in the water column
Quality control flags
Reference numbers
Nitrite concentration parameters in the water column
Vertical spatial coordinates
Phosphate concentration parameters in the water column
Silicate concentration parameters in the water column
Nitrate concentration parameters in the water column
Quality control flags

BODC idDate/TimeLocationDoc.
16322391995-10-13 15:38 19° 38' 40" S  35° 21' 42" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1632239
10932391995-09-26 12:51 47° 55' 18" N  14° 51' 10" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1093239
10933681995-10-12 15:37 15° 34' 49" S  33° 26' 58" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1093368
10934121995-10-17 15:36 33° 10' 48" S  46° 24' 55" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1093412
10934481995-10-14 15:36 23° 47' 25" S  37° 23' 15" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1093448
16321721995-10-07 14:31 5° 21' 23" N  23° 57' 59" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1632172
16322401995-10-14 15:36 23° 47' 25" S  37° 23' 15" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1632240
16323191995-10-24 14:27 50° 48' 29" S  57° 25' 10" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1632319
16321111995-09-30 13:37 33° 35' 49" N  20° 52' 39" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1632111
16321471995-10-04 11:36 19° 29' 59" N  20° 23' 39" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1632147
16322271995-10-12 15:37 15° 34' 49" S  33° 26' 58" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1632227
16323071995-10-23 16:35 46° 0' 28" S  56° 17' 1" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1632307
10932031995-10-24 14:27 50° 48' 29" S  57° 25' 10" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1093203
16322761995-10-17 15:36 33° 10' 48" S  46° 24' 55" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1632276
16322521995-10-15 15:31 27° 7' 2" S  40° 8' 16" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1632252
10932641995-09-29 13:37 37° 54' 38" N  19° 59' 25" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1093264
16320551995-09-25 12:57 48° 55' 52" N  9° 8' 45" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1632055
10932401995-09-27 11:14 47° 0' 47" N  19° 59' 5" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1093240
10932521995-09-28 13:53 42° 15' 16" N  20° 1' 52" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1093252
10932761995-10-02 14:47 27° 22' 24" N  21° 49' 52" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1093276
10933561995-10-11 15:43 11° 28' 10" S  31° 33' 16" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1093356
10933201995-10-07 14:31 5° 21' 23" N  23° 57' 59" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1093320
10933321995-10-08 14:29 1° 23' 32" N  25° 42' 4" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1093332
10933931995-10-15 15:31 27° 7' 2" S  40° 8' 16" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1093393
10933441995-10-09 14:31 2° 47' 24" S  27° 31' 37" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1093344
10934001995-10-16 15:31 30° 17' 24" S  43° 23' 22" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1093400
10934241995-10-23 16:35 46° 0' 28" S  56° 17' 1" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1093424
16320671995-09-26 12:51 47° 55' 18" N  14° 51' 10" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1632067
16320791995-09-27 11:14 47° 0' 47" N  19° 59' 5" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1632079
16322151995-10-11 15:43 11° 28' 10" S  31° 33' 16" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1632215
10932151995-09-30 13:37 33° 35' 49" N  20° 52' 39" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1093215
10932881995-10-04 11:36 19° 29' 59" N  20° 23' 39" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1093288
10933191995-10-06 14:34 9° 14' 17" N  22° 12' 54" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1093319
10933811995-10-13 15:38 19° 38' 40" S  35° 21' 42" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1093381
16320801995-09-28 13:53 42° 15' 16" N  20° 1' 52" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1632080
16321591995-10-05 16:38 13° 2' 31" N  20° 26' 10" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1632159
16322641995-10-16 15:31 30° 17' 24" S  43° 23' 22" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1632264
10933071995-10-05 16:38 13° 2' 31" N  20° 26' 10" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1093307
10934361995-10-03 13:29 23° 16' 59" N  21° 9' 48" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1093436
16321231995-10-02 14:47 27° 22' 24" N  21° 49' 52" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1632123
16321601995-10-06 14:34 9° 14' 17" N  22° 12' 54" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1632160
16321961995-10-09 14:31 2° 47' 24" S  27° 31' 37" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1632196
16322031995-10-10 14:33 7° 0' 47" S  29° 30' 40" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1632203
16322881995-10-22 17:50 40° 57' 4" S  55° 15' 35" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1632288
10931841995-10-10 14:33 7° 0' 47" S  29° 30' 40" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1093184
10931961995-10-22 17:50 40° 57' 4" S  55° 15' 35" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1093196
10932271995-09-25 12:57 48° 55' 52" N  9° 8' 45" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1093227
16320921995-09-29 13:37 37° 54' 38" N  19° 59' 25" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1632092
16321351995-10-03 13:29 23° 16' 59" N  21° 9' 48" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1632135
16321841995-10-08 14:29 1° 23' 32" N  25° 42' 4" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1632184
24  CTD/STD cast
Temperature of the water column
Vertical spatial coordinates
Salinity of the water column
Density of the water column
Temperature of the water column
Vertical spatial coordinates
Salinity of the water column
Density of the water column

BODC idDate/TimeLocationDoc.
10565001995-09-27 11:01 47° 0' 47" N  19° 59' 5" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1056500
10566771995-10-14 15:24 23° 47' 25" S  37° 23' 16" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1056677
10567451995-10-24 14:18 50° 48' 29" S  57° 25' 10" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1056745
10564811995-09-25 12:47 48° 55' 52" N  9° 8' 45" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1056481
10565611995-10-03 13:16 23° 16' 58" N  21° 9' 48" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1056561
10565731995-10-04 11:24 19° 29' 58" N  20° 23' 39" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1056573
10566651995-10-13 15:26 19° 38' 40" S  35° 21' 42" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1056665
10567081995-10-17 15:24 33° 10' 48" S  46° 24' 55" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1056708
10567211995-10-22 17:39 40° 57' 4" S  55° 15' 35" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1056721
10565481995-10-02 14:34 27° 22' 24" N  21° 49' 52" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1056548
10565851995-10-05 16:24 13° 2' 31" N  20° 26' 10" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1056585
10566281995-10-09 14:18 2° 47' 24" S  27° 31' 37" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1056628
10564931995-09-26 12:38 47° 55' 18" N  14° 51' 10" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1056493
10565241995-09-29 13:24 37° 54' 38" N  19° 59' 25" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1056524
10566531995-10-12 15:25 15° 34' 49" S  33° 26' 58" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1056653
10565971995-10-06 14:22 9° 14' 17" N  22° 12' 53" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1056597
10565121995-09-28 13:40 42° 15' 16" N  20° 1' 52" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1056512
10565361995-09-30 13:25 33° 35' 49" N  20° 52' 40" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1056536
10566041995-10-07 14:18 5° 21' 22" N  23° 57' 59" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1056604
10566161995-10-08 14:18 1° 23' 32" N  25° 42' 4" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1056616
10567331995-10-23 16:23 46° 0' 28" S  56° 17' 1" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1056733
10566411995-10-11 15:35 11° 28' 10" S  31° 33' 16" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1056641
10566891995-10-15 15:20 27° 7' 2" S  40° 8' 16" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1056689
10566901995-10-16 15:20 30° 17' 24" S  43° 23' 22" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1056690
1  Meteorological data logger
Horizontal spatial co-ordinates
Air pressure
Visible waveband radiance and irradiance measurements in the atmosphere
Date and time
Air temperature
Wind strength and direction
Solar Radiation
Horizontal spatial co-ordinates
Air pressure
Visible waveband radiance and irradiance measurements in the atmosphere
Date and time
Air temperature
Wind strength and direction
Solar Radiation

BODC idDate/TimeLocationDoc.
12227381995-09-21 12:05:30  — 1995-10-24 23:59:30 53° 34' 41" N  0° 4' 22" W — 51° 54' 12" S  58° 29' 20" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1222738
1  Multiple instrument types
Horizontal spatial co-ordinates
Date and time
Salinity of the water column
Temperature of the water column
Raw fluorometer output
Chlorophyll pigment concentrations in water bodies
Horizontal spatial co-ordinates
Date and time
Salinity of the water column
Temperature of the water column
Raw fluorometer output
Chlorophyll pigment concentrations in water bodies

BODC idDate/TimeLocationDoc.
12227631995-09-21 12:05:30  — 1995-10-24 23:59:30 53° 34' 41" N  0° 4' 22" W — 51° 54' 12" S  58° 29' 20" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1222763
1  Pumped water sample
Horizontal spatial co-ordinates
Date and time
Phaeopigment concentrations in the water column
Chlorophyll pigment concentrations in water bodies
Horizontal spatial co-ordinates
Date and time
Phaeopigment concentrations in the water column
Chlorophyll pigment concentrations in water bodies

BODC idDate/TimeLocationDoc.
16651281995-09-24 17:00  — 1995-10-24 18:25 51° 37' 56" S  57° 36' 9" W — 50° 9' 24" N  3° 35' 58" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1665128
1  Single-beam echosounder
Horizontal spatial co-ordinates
Date and time
Platform or instrument orientation
Horizontal platform movement
Bathymetry and Elevation
Horizontal spatial co-ordinates
Date and time
Platform or instrument orientation
Horizontal platform movement
Bathymetry and Elevation

BODC idDate/TimeLocationDoc.
12227511995-09-21 12:05:30  — 1995-10-24 23:59:30 53° 34' 41" N  0° 4' 22" W — 51° 54' 12" S  58° 29' 20" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1222751
Discrete samples 
25  CTD frame plus rosette samplerReference numbers
Particulate total and organic nitrogen concentrations in the water column
Nitrite concentration parameters in the water column
Carotenoid and flavenoid pigment concentrations in water bodies
Phytoplankton taxonomic abundance in water bodies
Phosphate concentration parameters in the water column
Salinity of the water column
Temperature of the water column
Silicate concentration parameters in the water column
Density of the water column
Microzooplankton taxonomic abundance in water bodies
Phytoplankton generic abundance in water bodies
Bacteria taxonomic abundance in water bodies
Nitrate concentration parameters in the water column
Phaeopigment concentrations in the water column
Metadata parameters
Primary production in the water column
Particulate total and organic carbon concentrations in the water column
Chlorophyll pigment concentrations in water bodies
86  Expendable BathythermographTemperature of the water column
421  Sample taken from ship's non-toxic supplyNitrite concentration parameters in the water column
Phosphate concentration parameters in the water column
Silicate concentration parameters in the water column
Nitrate concentration parameters in the water column
Phaeopigment concentrations in the water column
Chlorophyll pigment concentrations in water bodies
25  WP-2 zooplankton netZooplankton taxonomy-related abundance per unit volume of the water column
Zooplankton non taxonomy-related abundance per unit volume of the water column
Fish abundance in water bodies