RRS Discovery D313 (DOGEE SOLAS)
Cruise summary report
| Cruise Info. | |||||||||
| Ship name (ship code) | RRS Discovery (74E3) | ||||||||
| Cruise identifier | D313 (DOGEE SOLAS) | ||||||||
| Cruise period | 2006-11-07 — 2006-12-06 | ||||||||
| Status | Completed | ||||||||
| Port of departure | Govan, United Kingdom | ||||||||
| Port of return | Govan, United Kingdom | ||||||||
| Purpose | Research | ||||||||
| Objectives | RRS Discovery cruise D313 involved two distinct but inter-related UKSOLAS projects: DOGEE-SOLAS (The UK SOLAS Deep Ocean Gas Exchange Experiment), P.I. Rob Upstill-Goddard, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, and SEASAW (Sea Spray and Whitecaps), P.I. Ian Brooks, University of Leeds. Both projects are primarily concerned with physical exchange processes at the air-sea interface and the determination of gas transfer velocities. Additionally SEASAW aims to quantify sea-salt aerosol source functions. The projects thus have a common overall research goal; parameterization of the air-sea gas and aerosol exchange processes, which is essential for effectively modelling climate. Significantly reducing the associated uncertainties is a central goal of UK SOLAS, of which this cruise was a component. In brief, specific cruise objectives were:
* Determine open ocean gas transfer velocities at high wind speeds through a dual-tracer release (3He & SF6). * Measure underway, total gas tension, dissolved O2, and CO2 to obtain independent air-sea gas exchange estimates. * Record key meteorological variables * Measure air-sea fluxes of CO2, sensible heat, latent heat and momentum using the AUTOFLUX automated sensor array. * Quantify flow distortion biases in the direct flux measurements via the use of established models. * Determine the sea spray source function by direct eddy-covariance, and optical and condensation particle counters. * Investigate production and fate of sea spray aerosols at the sea surface using optical particle and bubble observations. * Study aerosol particle composition to identify sources and interactions between the sea spray and other aerosol and gases. * Record and measure whitecap coverage and wave breaking coincident with the air-sea flux measurements * Quantify acoustically, bubble populations produced by breaking waves. Unfortunately, due to a combination of exceptionally bad weather, downtime due to CTD loss and winch replacement, and major ship systems failure, most of the major cruise objectives were not met at all and some were only partially fulfilled. | ||||||||
| Chief scientist | Robert Upstill-Goddard (Newcastle University School of Marine Science and Technology) | ||||||||
| Project | UK SOLAS | ||||||||
| Coordinating body | NERC | ||||||||
| Cruise report |  (4.98 MB) | ||||||||
| Ocean/sea areas | |||||||||
| General | North East Atlantic Ocean (limit 40W) | ||||||||
| Specific | NE Atlantic west of Scotland and Scottish Western Isles: 55-57N, 05-12W | ||||||||
| Track charts | (0.11 MB) | ||||||||
| Measurements | |||||||||
| Physical oceanography | |||||||||
| Geochemical tracers (eg freons) | Quantity: number of stations = 8 Description: Vertical CTD casts (mixed layer, 150-300m): SF6 tracer by electron capture detection gas chromatography | ||||||||
| Geochemical tracers (eg freons) | Quantity: activity duration in days = 3 Description: Underway continuous (every 4 min) measurements of surface (6m) SF6 tracer by electron capture detection gas chromatography | ||||||||
| Geochemical tracers (eg freons) | Quantity: number of stations = 8 Description: Vertical CTD casts (mixed layer, 150-300m): 3He tracer: collected but not analysed (on-shore mass spectrometry) due to failure of cruise objectives | ||||||||
| Chemical oceanography | |||||||||
| Oxygen | Quantity: activity duration in days = 11 Description: Underway (5m) dissolved O2, dissolved CO2, total gas tension, temperature and salinity. | ||||||||
| Carbon dioxide | Quantity: activity duration in days = 11 Description: Underway (5m) dissolved O2, dissolved CO2, total gas tension, temperature and salinity. | ||||||||
| Carbon dioxide | Quantity: number of stations = 6 Description: Vertical CTD casts (mixed layer, 150-300m): discrete pCO2 by gas equilibration/LICOR detection. | ||||||||
| Carbon dioxide | Quantity: activity duration in days = 20 Description: continuous underway surface pCO2 by gas equilibration/LICOR detection: | ||||||||
| Carbon dioxide | Quantity: activity duration in days = 20 Description: Ship-mounted continuous underway surface pCO2 by gas equilibration/LICOR detection: CASIX system. | ||||||||
| Other dissolved gases | Quantity: activity duration in days = 11 Description: Underway (5m) dissolved O2, dissolved CO2, total gas tension, temperature and salinity. | ||||||||
| Moorings, landers, buoys | |||||||||
| Physical oceanography | |||||||||
| Subsurface temperature measurements | 56° 44' 24" N 11° 18' 0" W — Surface Argos/RF drifter/drogue/thermistor chain: position location for gaseous tracer patch. Lost during cruise; not recovered. | ||||||||
| Surface drifters/drifting buoys | 56° 44' 24" N 11° 18' 0" W — Surface Argos/RF drifter with drogue: position location for gaseous tracer patch. Lost during cruise;not recovered | ||||||||
| Surface drifters/drifting buoys | 56° 44' 24" N 11° 18' 0" W — Surface Argos/RF drifter/drogue/thermistor chain: position location for gaseous tracer patch. Lost during cruise; not recovered. | ||||||||
| Neutrally buoyant floats | 56° 25' 12" N 11° 15' 0" W — Neutrally buoyant float for oxygen, nitrogen, salinity and temperature measurements for use in air-sea flux calculations. Lost during cruise; recovered post-cruise | ||||||||
| Instrumented wave measurements | 56° 49' 47" N 6° 0' 0" W — NOC Spar buoy: wave wire and acoustic bubble data. Recovered. | ||||||||
| Instrumented wave measurements | 56° 48' 36" N 5° 15' 0" W — NOC Spar buoy: wave wire and acoustic bubble data. Recovered. | ||||||||
| Instrumented wave measurements | 55° 18' 36" N 5° 24' 36" W — NOC Spar buoy: wave wire and acoustic bubble data. Recovered, redeployed and recovered. | ||||||||
| Instrumented wave measurements | 55° 18' 36" N 5° 24' 36" W — NOC Spar buoy: wave wire and acoustic bubble data. Recovered, redeployed and recovered. | ||||||||
| Other physical oceanographic measurements | 55° 18' 36" N 5° 24' 36" W — NOC Spar buoy: wave wire and acoustic bubble data. Recovered, redeployed and recovered. | ||||||||
| Other physical oceanographic measurements | 55° 21' 35" N 5° 22' 47" W — Tethered Meteorological buoy: aerosol probes and near-surface bubble imaging. Recovered. | ||||||||
| Other physical oceanographic measurements | 55° 18' 36" N 5° 24' 36" W — NOC Spar buoy: wave wire and acoustic bubble data. Recovered, redeployed and recovered. | ||||||||
| Other physical oceanographic measurements | 56° 48' 36" N 5° 15' 0" W — NOC Spar buoy: wave wire and acoustic bubble data. Recovered. | ||||||||
| Other physical oceanographic measurements | 56° 49' 47" N 6° 0' 0" W — NOC Spar buoy: wave wire and acoustic bubble data. Recovered. | ||||||||
| Other physical oceanographic measurements | 56° 46' 48" N 5° 13' 48" W — Tethered Meteorological buoy: aerosol probes and near-surface bubble imaging. Recovered. | ||||||||
| Other physical oceanographic measurements | 56° 44' 24" N 5° 13' 48" W — Tethered Meteorological buoy: aerosol probes and near-surface bubble imaging. Recovered; damaged by ship hull | ||||||||
| Chemical oceanography | |||||||||
| Oxygen | 56° 25' 12" N 11° 15' 0" W — Neutrally buoyant float for oxygen, nitrogen, salinity and temperature measurements for use in air-sea flux calculations. Lost during cruise; recovered post-cruise | ||||||||
| Other dissolved gases | 56° 25' 12" N 11° 15' 0" W — Neutrally buoyant float for oxygen, nitrogen, salinity and temperature measurements for use in air-sea flux calculations. Lost during cruise; recovered post-cruise | ||||||||
| Meteorology | |||||||||
| Other meteorological measurements | 55° 21' 35" N 5° 22' 47" W — Tethered Meteorological buoy: aerosol probes and near-surface bubble imaging. Recovered. | ||||||||
| Other meteorological measurements | 56° 44' 24" N 5° 13' 48" W — Tethered Meteorological buoy: aerosol probes and near-surface bubble imaging. Recovered; damaged by ship hull | ||||||||
| Other meteorological measurements | 56° 46' 48" N 5° 13' 48" W — Tethered Meteorological buoy: aerosol probes and near-surface bubble imaging. Recovered. | ||||||||
| Data held at BODC | Get data | ||||||||
| Series/Profiles | |||||||||
| 1 Meteorological data logger | Visible waveband radiance and irradiance measurements in the atmosphere Reference numbers Horizontal spatial co-ordinates Air pressure Date and time Air temperature Wind strength and direction Raw light meter output Solar Radiation Atmospheric humidity Visible waveband radiance and irradiance measurements in the atmosphere Reference numbers Horizontal spatial co-ordinates Air pressure Date and time Air temperature Wind strength and direction Raw light meter output Solar Radiation Atmospheric humidity
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| 1 Pumped air sample |
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| 1 Single-beam echosounder | Reference numbers Horizontal spatial co-ordinates Date and time Platform or instrument orientation Horizontal platform movement Bathymetry and Elevation Reference numbers Horizontal spatial co-ordinates Date and time Platform or instrument orientation Horizontal platform movement Bathymetry and Elevation
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| 1 Surface water sample (pumped) | Reference numbers Horizontal spatial co-ordinates Transmittance and attenuance of the water column Date and time Salinity of the water column Temperature of the water column Density of the water column Metadata parameters Raw suspended particulate material concentration sensor output Electrical conductivity of the water column Raw fluorometer output Chlorophyll pigment concentrations in water bodies Reference numbers Horizontal spatial co-ordinates Transmittance and attenuance of the water column Date and time Salinity of the water column Temperature of the water column Density of the water column Metadata parameters Raw suspended particulate material concentration sensor output Electrical conductivity of the water column Raw fluorometer output Chlorophyll pigment concentrations in water bodies
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| Discrete samples | |||||||||
| 9 CTD frame plus rosette sampler | Transmittance and attenuance of the water column Optical backscatter Salinity of the water column Temperature of the water column Dissolved oxygen parameters in the water column Visible waveband radiance and irradiance measurements in the water column Density of the water column Chlorophyll pigment concentrations in water bodies |
