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Lance ACCACIA
Cruise summary report
Cruise Info. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ship name (ship code) | Lance (58LA) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cruise identifier | ACCACIA | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cruise period | 2013-03-15 — 2013-03-31 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Status | Completed | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Port of departure | Tromsø, Norway | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Port of return | Tromsø, Norway | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Purpose | Research | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Objectives | The cruise took place as part of the larger NERC funded consortium project called Aerosol-Cloud Coupling And Climate Interactions in the Arctic (ACCACIA). The overarching objective of the project is to reduce uncertainty in the representation of Arctic cloud and aerosol processes in climate models. Airborne measurements of aerosol and cloud properties were made concurrent with the RV Lance research cruise, using the BAS MASIN and FAAM BAe146 aircraft, and a second research cruise on board the RRS James Clark Ross will take place in July-August 2013.
The aims of the research cruise were to make surface based in-situ measurements of marine aerosol composition and properties, and aerosol precursor gases (DMS, VOCs, halocarbons). These measurements were supported by standard oceanographic measurements such as salinity, chlorophyll-a and nutrient concentrations. Bubble tank experiments were conducted, the results of which will be used to develop a primary multicomponent seaspray aerosol flux parameterisation. The timing of the cruise was intended to capture the late winter/early spring period of sea-ice melt and the associated phytoplankton bloom has just begun. Stations were occupied alternately in open water and within the ice edge (mainly brash ice). Atmospheric measurements were made continuously, or semi-continuously, and a daily CTD cast was used to collect water samples. Some additional sampling of the pumper underway seawater supply also took place. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chief scientist | James Lee (University of York Department of Chemistry) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Project | Aerosol-Cloud Coupling and Climate Interactions in the Arctic (ACCACIA) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Coordinating body | University of Leeds School of Earth and Environment | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cruise report | (0.78 MB) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ocean/sea areas | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
General | Greenland Sea Norwegian Sea | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Track charts | (0.32 MB) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Measurements | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Physical oceanography | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Surface measurements underway (T,S) | Quantity: activity duration in days = 14 Description: Salinity, measurements; continuous recording of surface water intake using Seabird 45 TSG; data logged at ten minute intervals | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Water bottle stations | Quantity: number of profiles = 16 Description: CTD casts to ~200 m; Temperature, salinity, fluorescence, PAR and transmissivity recorded. Sensors owned, maintntained and deployed by Norwegian Polar Institute (NPI); data archived by NPI | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CTD stations | Quantity: number of profiles = 16 Description: CTD casts to ~200 m; Temperature, salinity, fluorescence, PAR and transmissivity recorded. Sensors owned, maintntained and deployed by Norwegian Polar Institute (NPI); data archived by NPI | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other physical oceanographic measurements | Quantity: number of profiles = 14 Description: Bubble tank aerosol production (from near-surface CTD samples), measured as number-size distributions (TSI 3080 SMPS) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chemical oceanography | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other dissolved gases | Quantity: number of profiles = 14 Description: Trace gas (DMS, halocarbons) in seawater; measurements by purge and trap gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; discrete water samples from 8 depths (typically 150, 120, 100, 80, 60, 40, 20, 3 m) collected using Niskin bottles during CTD casts | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other dissolved gases | Quantity: number of samples = 500 Description: Trace gas (DMS, halocarbons) in surface seawater; measurements by purge and trap gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; sampling over 20 minute intervals approximately once per 45 minutes while ship underway; seawater from surface water intake | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Phosphate | Quantity: number of samples = 150 Description: Filtered samples from surface water intake for determination of nutrients by autoanalyser | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Phosphate | Quantity: number of samples = 100 Description: Filtered samples from discrete depths for determination of nutrients by autoanalyser; collected using Niskin bottles during CTD casts | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nitrate | Quantity: number of samples = 100 Description: Filtered samples from discrete depths for determination of nutrients by autoanalyser; collected using Niskin bottles during CTD casts | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nitrate | Quantity: number of samples = 150 Description: Filtered samples from surface water intake for determination of nutrients by autoanalyser | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ammonia | Quantity: number of samples = 100 Description: Filtered samples from discrete depths for determination of nutrients by autoanalyser; collected using Niskin bottles during CTD casts | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ammonia | Quantity: number of samples = 150 Description: Filtered samples from surface water intake for determination of nutrients by autoanalyser | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other chemical oceanographic measurements | Quantity: number of profiles = 14 Description: Seawater samples for DMSPt determination by purge and trap gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; discrete water samples from 6 depths (typically 120, 80, 60, 40, 20, 3 m) collected using Niskin bottles during CTD casts | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Biology and fisheries | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Phytoplankton pigs (eg chlorophyll, fluorescence) | Quantity: activity duration in days = 8 Description: Fast repetition rate fluorometry, continuous recording of surface water intake; measurements at 30 second intervals | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Phytoplankton pigs (eg chlorophyll, fluorescence) | Quantity: number of samples = 150 Description: Size segregated chlorophyll samples from surface water intake for analysis by fluorometry | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Phytoplankton pigs (eg chlorophyll, fluorescence) | Quantity: number of samples = 100 Description: Size segregated chlorophyll samples for analysis by fluorometry; discrete water samples from 8 depths collected using Niskin bottles during CTD casts | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dissolved organic matter (inc DOC) | Quantity: number of samples = 15 Description: Dissolved organic matter samples extracted from surface seawater for characterisation of organic content by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry ; samples collected with Niskin bottles during CTD casts | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other biological/fisheries measurement | Quantity: number of measurements = 12 Description: Haloperoxidase activity measurements | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Meteorology | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Routine standard measurements | Quantity: activity duration in days = 18 Description: Temperature and relative humidity (Rotronic hygroclip) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Routine standard measurements | Quantity: activity duration in days = 18 Description: Relative wind speed and direction, continuous recording using Gill ultrasonic 2D anemometer; data logged at one minute intervals | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Atmospheric chemistry | Quantity: activity duration in days = 15 Description: Size-resolved aerosol cloud condensation nucleii (DMT CCN) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Atmospheric chemistry | Quantity: activity duration in days = 15 Description: Aerosol hygroscopic growth factor spectra (HTDMA) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Atmospheric chemistry | Quantity: activity duration in days = 15 Description: Aerosol number-size distributions by differential mobility analysis (DMPS) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Atmospheric chemistry | Quantity: activity duration in days = 18 Description: Aerosol number-size distributions by optical particle counting (GRIMM 1.108) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Atmospheric chemistry | Quantity: activity duration in days = 18 Description: Optical equivalent aerosol black carbon concentration (Thermo MAAP) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Atmospheric chemistry | Quantity: activity duration in days = 2 Description: Aerosol composition by online mass spectrometry (Aerodyne HR-TOF-AMS) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Atmospheric chemistry | Quantity: number of samples = 15 Description: High volume aerosol samples for characterisation of organic content by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; collected using Ecotech HiVol 3000 air sampler controlled according to wind direction to avoid sampling stack emissions | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Atmospheric chemistry | Quantity: number of samples = 1440 Description: Trace gas (DMS, halocarbons) in air; measurements by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; semi-continuous sampling (20 minutes sampling per data point) using air intake line mounted on forward mast | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Atmospheric chemistry | Quantity: activity duration in days = 18 Description: Aerosol number concentration (TSI 3776 CPC) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Atmospheric chemistry | Quantity: activity duration in days = 17 Description: Single particle aerosol black carbon mass (DMT SP2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Atmospheric chemistry | Quantity: number of samples = 15 Description: Day-integrated, size resolved aerosol samples taken using a compact cascade impactor (CCI) for offline analysis for soluble ions | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Atmospheric chemistry | Quantity: activity duration in days = 14 Description: A 14 days M71 Trace gas (NOx, O3) in air. Continuous measurements by Chemiluminesence and UV absorption respectively (10 minute averaging) using air intake line mounted on the forward mast. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other meteorological measurements | Quantity: activity duration in days = 16 Description: 3D apparent wind vector (Metek sonic anemometer) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Data held at BODC | Get data | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Series/Profiles | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
15 CTD/STD cast | Reference numbers Transmittance and attenuance of the water column Temperature of the water column Vertical spatial coordinates Salinity of the water column Concentration of organic matter in water bodies Visible waveband radiance and irradiance measurements in the water column Density of the water column Electrical conductivity of the water column Chlorophyll pigment concentrations in water bodies Reference numbers Transmittance and attenuance of the water column Temperature of the water column Vertical spatial coordinates Salinity of the water column Concentration of organic matter in water bodies Visible waveband radiance and irradiance measurements in the water column Density of the water column Electrical conductivity of the water column Chlorophyll pigment concentrations in water bodies
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1 GPS positioning system | Horizontal spatial co-ordinates Date and time Platform or instrument orientation Horizontal platform movement Horizontal spatial co-ordinates Date and time Platform or instrument orientation Horizontal platform movement
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1 Meteorological data logger | Horizontal spatial co-ordinates Air pressure Date and time Air temperature Wind strength and direction Atmospheric humidity Horizontal spatial co-ordinates Air pressure Date and time Air temperature Wind strength and direction Atmospheric humidity
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1 Multiple instrument types | Horizontal spatial co-ordinates Date and time Salinity of the water column Temperature of the water column Ozone and oxygen concentrations in the atmosphere Horizontal spatial co-ordinates Date and time Salinity of the water column Temperature of the water column Ozone and oxygen concentrations in the atmosphere
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Discrete samples | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1405 Atmospheric air sampling pump | Sulphur species concentrations in the atmosphere Concentration of other hydrocarbons in the atmosphere Concentration of inorganic halogens in the atmosphere | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
16 CTD frame plus rosette sampler | Organosulphur and organoselenium species concentration parameters in water bodies Concentration of other hydrocarbons in the water column Phosphate concentration parameters in the water column Silicate concentration parameters in the water column Other halocarbon concentrations in water bodies Nitrate concentration parameters in the water column Chlorophyll pigment concentrations in water bodies | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
489 Sample taken from ship's non-toxic supply | Organosulphur and organoselenium species concentration parameters in water bodies Concentration of other hydrocarbons in the water column Phosphate concentration parameters in the water column Silicate concentration parameters in the water column Other halocarbon concentrations in water bodies Nitrate concentration parameters in the water column Chlorophyll pigment concentrations in water bodies |