Metadata Report for BODC Series Reference Number 1877200
Metadata Summary
Problem Reports
Data Access Policy
Narrative Documents
Project Information
Data Activity or Cruise Information
Fixed Station Information
BODC Quality Flags
SeaDataNet Quality Flags
Metadata Summary
Data Description |
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Time Co-ordinates(UT) |
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Parameters |
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Problem Reports
No Problem Report Found in the Database
Quality Control Report
Several gaps in the data were identified throughout the cruise. These gaps are:
- 24 November 2017 15:57:25 hours to 24 November 2017 18:51:06 hours
- 27 November 2017 10:53:58 hours to 27 November 2017 15:58:15 hours
- 28 November 2017 21:45:06 hours to 29 November 2017 08:11:33 hours
- 04 December 2017 19:12:46 hours to 10 December 2017 11:02:09 hours
- 12 December 2017 03:37:46 hours to 12 December 2017 05:37:47 hours
- 12 December 2017 09:44:57 hours to 12 December 2017 19:40:54 hours
- 14 December 2017 13:23:15 hours to 14 December 2017 20:10:15 hours
- 16 December 2017 14:31:29 hours to 16 December 2017 19:37:56 hours
Data Access Policy
Open Data
These data have no specific confidentiality restrictions for users. However, users must acknowledge data sources as it is not ethical to publish data without proper attribution. Any publication or other output resulting from usage of the data should include an acknowledgment.
If the Information Provider does not provide a specific attribution statement, or if you are using Information from several Information Providers and multiple attributions are not practical in your product or application, you may consider using the following:
"Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v1.0."
Narrative Documents
RD Instruments- Ocean Surveyor 75kHz Vessel mounted ADCP.
| Long-Range Mode | ||
|---|---|---|
| Vertical Resolution Cell Size3 | Max. Range (m)1 | Precision (cm/s)2 |
| 8m | 520 - 650 | 30 |
| 16m | 560 - 700 | 17 |
| High-Precision Mode | ||
| Vertical Resolution Cell Size3 | Max. Range (m)1 | Precision (cm/s)2 |
| 8m | 310 - 430 | 12 |
| 16m | 350 - 450 | 9 |
1 Ranges at 1 to 5 knots ship speed are typical and vary with situation.
2 Single-ping standard deviation.
3 User's choice of depth cell size is not limited to the typical values specified.
Profile Parameters
- Velocity long-term accuracy (typical): ±1.0%, ±0.5cm/s
- Velocity range: -5 to 9m/s
- # of depth cells: 1 - 128
- Max ping rate: 0.7
Bottom Track
Maximum altitude (precision <2cm/s): 950m
Echo Intensity Profile
Dynamic range: 80dB
Precision: ±1.5dB
Transducer and Hardware
Beam angle: 30°
Configuration: 4-beam phased array
Communications: RS-232 or RS-422 hex-ASCII or binary output at 1200 - 115,200 baud
Output power: 1000W
Standard Sensors
Temperature (mounted on transducer)
- Range: -5° to 45°C
- Precision: ±0.1°C
- Resolution: 0.03°
Environmental
Operating temperature: -5° to 40°C (-5° to 45°C)*
Storage temperature: -30° to 50°C (-30° to 60°C)*
*later instruments have greater range.
Web Page
Further details can be found on the manufacturer's website or in the specification sheet
BODC Data Processing
Data Processing
The data arrived at BODC as an individual .nc file containing data ADCP collected during the cruise
Reformatting
Parameters in the originator's files were reformatted into an internal file format using BODC standard procedures.
The following table presents how the originator's variables were mapped to appropriate BODC parameter codes.
| Originator's Variable | Originator's Units | BODC Parameter Code | BODC Units | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| lat | degrees N | ALATGP01 | degrees N | |
| lon | degrees E | ALONGP01 | degrees E | |
| depth | m | DBINA01 | m | |
| u | m s-1 | LCEWAS01 | m s-1 | Conversion by multiplying by 100 |
| v | m s-1 | LCNSAA01 | m s-1 | Conversion by multiplying by 100 |
| uship | m s-1 | APEWGP01 | m s-1 | Conversion by multiplying by 100 |
| vship | m s-1 | APNSGP01 | m s-1 | Conversion by multiplying by 100 |
| amp | db | ASAMAS01 | db | |
| pg | % | PCGDAP01 | % |
The file contained additional parameters that were not selected for transfer. These are: pflag, tr_temp (°C), num_pings and heading. These parameters are available upon request.
The time channel in the originator's file wasn't always valid, so for the cycles where a null timestamp was identified, the values were interpolated linearly. All instances were checked after the updates and were found to be within the sampling interval.
49 instances of null positional data were found in the originator's file. These values were updated using the positional data from the navigation file from this cruise. All instances were matched to the minute and visual checks were made after the updates. No issues were found with the data.
Screening
Quality control flags were automatically added to data outside the expected parameter specific range during the reformatting process. All parameters were then visualised and screened using in house software, no futher flags were needed.
Originator's Data Processing Document
Data Acquisition and Processing
SADCP data was collected throughout the cruise period using RDI's VMDAS software. The instrument was setup with 8 and 16m bins and run in water and bottom tracking, depending on location. More details of the configurations used can be found in the cruise report.
The data were processed using the University of Hawaii current's group python CODAS software. The nominal transducer alignment for this instrument is 60.08, based on 656 bottom tracking and 91 water tracking points, as well as an additional rotation of 1.4° and an amplitude correction of 1.02 were applied during processing.
In addition to the automatic edits, ping data were edited manually using gautoedit.py. Some data collected during ice breaking were completely discarded and scattered extreme values were also removed. Editing of top-bin values was conservative, due to difficulties in detection contaminated values, and only those which were clearly unphysical were removed.
Two additional types of errors were observed: segments of strong negative followed by strong positive values at approximately 80 m deep whilst on station and strong values (negative or positive) when moving on and off station at the shallow sites of Marion Cove and Borgen Bay.
Project Information
Ocean Regulation of Climate by Heat and Carbon Sequestration and Transports (ORCHESTRA)
The Ocean Regulation of Climate by Heat and Carbon Sequestration and Transports (ORCHESTRA) is a £8.4 million, five year (2016-2021) research programme funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). The aim of the research is to to advance the understanding of, and capability to predict, the Southern Ocean's impact on climate change via its uptake and storage of heat and carbon. The programme will significantly reduce uncertainties concerning how this uptake and storage by the ocean influences global climate, by conducting a series of unique fieldwork campaigns and innovative model developments.
Background
ORCHESTRA represents the first fully-unified activity by NERC institutes to address these challenges, and will draw in national and international partners to provide community coherence, and to build a legacy in knowledge and capability that will transcend the timescale of the programme itself.
It brings together science teams from six UK research institutions to investigate the role that the Southern Ocean plays in our changing climate and atmospheric carbon draw-down. It is led by British Antarctic Survey, in partnership with National Oceanography Centre, British Geological Survey, Plymouth Marine Laboratory, the Centre for Polar Observation and Modelling and the Sea Mammal Research Unit.
The oceans around Antarctica play a critical a key role in drawing down and storing large amounts of carbon and vast quantities of heat from from the atmosphere. Due to its remoteness and harsh environment, the Southern Ocean is the world's biggest data desert, and one of the hardest places to get right in climate models. The ORCHESTRA programme will make unique and important new measurements in the Southern Ocean using a range of techniques, including use of the world-class UK research vessel fleet, and deployments of innovative underwater robots. The new understanding obtained will guide key improvements to the current generation of computer models, and will enhance greatly our ability to predict climate into the future.
The scope of the programme includes interaction of the Southern Ocean with the atmosphere, exchange between the upper ocean mixed layer and the interior and exchange between the Southern Ocean and the global ocean.
Further details are available on the ORCHESTRA page.
Participants
Six different organisations are directly involved in research for ORCHESTRA. These institutions are:
- British Antarctic Survey (BAS)
- National Oceanography Centre (NOC)
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML)
- British Geological Survey (BGS)
- Centre for Polar Observation and Modelling (CPOM)
- Sea Mammal Research Unit (SMRU)
GO-SHIP are a third party organisation that, although not directly involved with the programme, will conduct ship based observations that will also be used by ORCHESTRA.
Research details
Three Work Packages have been funded by the ORCHESTRA programme. These are described in brief below:
-
Work Package 1: Interaction of the Southern ocean with the atmosphere
WP1 will use new observations of surface fluxes and their controlling parameters in order to better constrain the exchanges of heat and carbon loss across the surface of the Southern Ocean. -
Work Package 2: Exchange between the upper ocean mixed layer and the interior.
This work package will combine observationally-derived data and model simulations to determine and understand the exchanges between the ocean mixed layer and its interior. -
Work Package 3: Exchange between the Southern Ocean and the global ocean .
This WP will use budget analyses of the hydrographic/tracer sections to diagnose the three-dimensional velocity field of the waters entering, leaving and recirculating within the Southern Atlantic sector of the Southern ocean. -
Fieldwork and data collection
The campaign consists of 12 core cruises on board the NERC research vessels RRS James Clark Ross and RRS James Cook and will include hydrographic/tracer sections conducted across Drake Passage (SR1b), the northern Weddell Sea/Scotia Sea (A23), the northern rim of the Weddell Gyre (ANDREXII) and across the South Atlantic (24S). Section I6S will be performed by GO-SHIP Project Partners. Measurements will include temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, velocity, dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, inorganic nutrients, oxygen and carbon isotopes, and underway meteorological and surface ocean observations including pCO2.
Tags will be deployed on 30 Weddel seals and these will provide temperature and salinity profiles that can be used alongside the Argo data.
Autonomous underwater ocean gliders will conduct multi-month missions and will deliver data on ocean stratification, heat content, mixed layer depth and turbulent mixing over the upper 1 km, with previously-unobtainable temporal resolution. These gliders will be deployed in the Weddell Gyre and the ACC.
Field campaigns with the MASIN meteorological aircrafts will be conducted flying out of Rothera and Halley research stations and the Falkland Islands. These campaigns will deliver information on key variables relating to air-sea fluxes (surface and air temperature, wind, humidity, atmospheric CO2, radiation, turbulent fluxes of heat, momentum and CO2), in different sea ice conditions and oceanic regimes.
Eart Observation datasets will be used to inform the programme on the properties of the ocean, sea ice and atmosphere and on interactions between them.
A cluster of 6 deep ocean moorings in the Orkney Passage will collect year round series of AABW temperatre and transport. This work connects to the NERC funded project Dynamics of the Orkney Passage Outflow (DYNOPO).
The UK Earth System model (UKESM) and underlying physical model will be used to conduct analyses of heat and carbon uptake and transport by the Southern Ocean and their links to wider climate on decadal timescales.
An eddy-resolving (1/12°) sector model of the ocean south of 30°S with 75 vertical levels, will be built using the NEMO model coupled to the Los Alamos sea ice (CICE) model. The improvements on the ocean boundary layer will be based from the results from the NERC-funded OSMOSIS project and the inclusion of tides.
20-5 year runs of an adjoint model will be conducted to determine how key forcings and model states affect the uptake and subduction of heat and carbon by the ocean.
Data Activity or Cruise Information
Cruise
| Cruise Name | JR17001 (ORCHESTRA) |
| Departure Date | 2017-11-21 |
| Arrival Date | 2017-12-21 |
| Principal Scientist(s) | David Barnes (British Antarctic Survey), J Alexander Brearley (British Antarctic Survey), Yvonne L Firing (National Oceanography Centre, Southampton) |
| Ship | RRS James Clark Ross |
Complete Cruise Metadata Report is available here
Fixed Station Information
No Fixed Station Information held for the Series
BODC Quality Control Flags
The following single character qualifying flags may be associated with one or more individual parameters with a data cycle:
| Flag | Description |
|---|---|
| Blank | Unqualified |
| < | Below detection limit |
| > | In excess of quoted value |
| A | Taxonomic flag for affinis (aff.) |
| B | Beginning of CTD Down/Up Cast |
| C | Taxonomic flag for confer (cf.) |
| D | Thermometric depth |
| E | End of CTD Down/Up Cast |
| G | Non-taxonomic biological characteristic uncertainty |
| H | Extrapolated value |
| I | Taxonomic flag for single species (sp.) |
| K | Improbable value - unknown quality control source |
| L | Improbable value - originator's quality control |
| M | Improbable value - BODC quality control |
| N | Null value |
| O | Improbable value - user quality control |
| P | Trace/calm |
| Q | Indeterminate |
| R | Replacement value |
| S | Estimated value |
| T | Interpolated value |
| U | Uncalibrated |
| W | Control value |
| X | Excessive difference |
SeaDataNet Quality Control Flags
The following single character qualifying flags may be associated with one or more individual parameters with a data cycle:
| Flag | Description |
|---|---|
| 0 | no quality control |
| 1 | good value |
| 2 | probably good value |
| 3 | probably bad value |
| 4 | bad value |
| 5 | changed value |
| 6 | value below detection |
| 7 | value in excess |
| 8 | interpolated value |
| 9 | missing value |
| A | value phenomenon uncertain |
| B | nominal value |
| Q | value below limit of quantification |
