Metadata Report for BODC Series Reference Number 1981574
Metadata Summary
Problem Reports
Data Access Policy
Narrative Documents
Project Information
Data Activity or Cruise Information
Fixed Station Information
BODC Quality Flags
SeaDataNet Quality Flags
Metadata Summary
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Time Co-ordinates(UT) |
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Parameters |
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Problem Reports
No Problem Report Found in the Database
Data Access Policy
Open Data supplied by Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)
You must always use the following attribution statement to acknowledge the source of the information: "Contains data supplied by Natural Environment Research Council."
Narrative Documents
Marianda Versatile INstrument for the Determination of Total inorganic carbon and titration Alkalinity (VINDTA) 3C
The VINDTA 3C (Versatile INstrument for the Determination of Total inorganic carbon and titration Alkalinity) is a laboratory alkalinity titration system combined with an extraction unit for coulometric titration, which simultaneously determines the alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon content of a sample. The sample transport is performed with peristaltic pumps and acid is added to the sample using a membrane pump. No pressurizing system is required and only one gas supply (nitrogen or dry and CO2-free air) is necessary. The system uses a Metrohm Titrino 719S, an ORION-Ross pH electrode and a Metrohm reference electrode. The burette, the pipette and the analysis cell have a water jacket around them. Precision is typically ± 1 µmol kg-1 for TA and/or DIC in open ocean water.
Further details can be found in the manufacturer's brochure.
Non-toxic (underway) sea water supply
A source of uncontaminated near-surface (commonly 3 to 7 m) seawater pumped continuously to shipboard laboratories on research vessels. There is typically a temperature sensor near the intake (known as the hull temperature) to provide measurements that are as close as possible to the ambient water temperature. The flow from the supply is typically directed through continuously logged sensors such as a thermosalinograph and a fluorometer. Water samples are often collected from the non-toxic supply. The system is also referred to as the underway supply.
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon and Total Alkalinity CTD and Underway bottle data for UK SOLAS CRUISE D326
Originator's Data Acquisition and Analysis
The sampling procedure of samples collected from CTD casts during SOLAS cruise D326 for the determination of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) was according to DOE (1994). Briefly, samples were immediately collected from the CTD Niskin bottle following sampling for trace gases. The sample was delivered from the Niskin bottle to a borosilicate glass bottle (250 ml) using silicon tubing. The sample bottle was firstly rinsed and then the silicon tubing was placed at the bottom of the bottle and filled with sample and subsequently allowed to overflow by at least half a bottle volume to ensure all air bubbles had been removed. The glass stopper was inserted into the glass bottle in order to remove the stopper volume and a 1% (2.5 ml) headspace to allow for water expansion. The sample was poisoned with a saturated solution of mercuric chloride (7 g/100 ml) in a 0.02% volume ratio (50 µL) in order to prevent any biological activity in the stored sample. The bottle was air-tight sealed and then stored in a cool and dark place until analysis. DIC samples were generally analysed within less than two days after sampling and water for alkalnity measurements were stored for analysis back at the National Oceanography Centre.
Samples were collected following a similar procedure from the ships underway toxic system.
DIC Analysis
Analysis was conducted using a coulometric titration which used a Marianda VINDTA 3C (Kiel, Germany) connected to a UIC Inc coulometer. The sample is acidified with 10% phosphoric acid which converts total dissolved inorganic carbon to carbin dioxide gas which is subsequently carried into the coulometeric cell using an inert gas (N2) and titrated coulometrically. Precision (mean standard deviation n>3) was found to be 0.04% (> 2 µmol/kg)
Total Alkalinity determination
During the cruise analysis for the determination of total alkalinity (TA) had to be postponed until back at the National Oceanography Centre due to a communication failure between the titration unit and computer. After determination of DIC, the samples were well sealed and kept for TA analysis back ashore.
TA anlysis involved the titation of the sample with hydrochloric acid (0.1 M).The acid solution is added in small increments until the carbonic acid equivalence point is reached (protonation of carbonate and bicarbonate ions). The total volume added allows the calculation of total alkalinity to be undertaken. A glass electrode/reference electrode system monitors the titration (mesuremnt of the electromotive force).
References cited
DOE (US Department of Energy) 1994. Handbook of methods for the analysis of the various parameters of the carbon dioxide system in sea water. Version 2, A. G. Dickson and C. Goyet, eds. ORNL/CDIAC-74.
BODC Data Processing Procedures
Data were received by BODC in Microsoft Excel spreadsheet format; one file with seperate worksheets for underway measurements and CTD cast data (Data_for_BODC_Solas_D326_Cynthia_Dumousseaud.xls). The CTD data worksheet contained the following metadata fields: cast ID, Day, Time, Latitude, Longitude, Niskin bottle number and bottle depth. The underway data worksheet contained the following metadata fields: event, day, time, day+time, latitude and longitude.
Parameter codes defined in the BODC parameter dictionary were mapped to the variables as follows:
Orginator's Parameter | Units | Description | BODC Parameter Code | Units | Comments |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
DIC | µmol kg-1 | Concentration of dissolved inorganic carbon per unit mass of the water column | TCO2KG01 | µmol kg-1 | n/a |
Total Alkalinity | µmol kg-1 | Total alkalinity per unit mass of the water column | MDMAP014 | µmol kg-1 | n/a |
The data were then banked according to BODC standard procedures for sample data. Once tagged with the appropriate parameter code and, if necessary, converted to BODC standard unit for that parameter, the data are loaded into BODC Samples Database. In this process, sample metadata are checked against information held in the database. Discrepancies are investigated and, when necessary cross-checked with the data originator prior to correction.
Data Quality Report
No advice concerning the data quality was received by BODC from the originator. During BODC processing no standout data points were noted.
Project Information
UK Surface Ocean Lower Atmosphere Study
The UK Surface Ocean Lower Atmosphere Study (UK SOLAS) is the UK's contribution to the international SOLAS programme.
UK SOLAS formed interdisciplinary teams to address three primary aims
- To determine the mechanisms controlling rates of chemical transfer and improve estimates of chemical exchanges
- To evaluate the impact of these exchanges on the biogeochemistry of the surface ocean and lower atmosphere and on feedbacks between the ocean and atmosphere
- To quantify the impacts of these boundary layer processes on the global climate system
UK SOLAS started in 2003, to run for seven years. The programme was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council.
Funded projects
In total, 19 projects have been funded by UK SOLAS, over four funding rounds.
Project Title | Short Title | Principal Investigator |
---|---|---|
Impact of atmospheric dust derived material and nutrient inputs on near-surface plankton microbiota in the tropical North Atlantic | Dust | Eric Achterberg |
The role and effects of photoprotective compounds in marine plankton | - | Steve Archer |
Field observations of sea spray, gas fluxes and whitecaps | SEASAW | Ian Brooks |
Factors influencing the biogeochemistry of iodine in the marine environment | - | Lucy Carpenter |
Global model of aerosol processes - effects of aerosol in the marine atmospheric boundary layer | GLOMAP | Ken Carslaw |
Ecological controls on fluxes of dimethyl sulphide (DMS) to the atmosphere | - | David Green |
Dust outflow and deposition to the ocean | DODO | Ellie Highwood |
Investigation of near surface production of iodocarbons - rates and exchanges | INSPIRE | Gill Malin |
Reactive halogens in the marine boundary layer | RHaMBLe | Gordon McFiggans |
The role of bacterioneuston in determining trace gas exchange rates | - | Colin Murrell |
Measuring methanol in sea water and investigating its sources and sinks in the marine environment | - | Phil Nightingale |
The impact of coastal upwellings on air-sea exchange of climatically important gases | ICON | Carol Robinson |
The Deep Ocean Gas Exchange Experiment | DOGEE | Rob Upstill-Goddard |
High wind air-sea exchanges | HiWASE | Margaret Yelland |
Aerosol characterisation and modelling in the marine environment | ACMME | James Allan |
3D simulation of dimethyl sulphide (DMS) in the north east Atlantic | - | Icarus Allen |
Processes affecting the chemistry and bioavailability of dust borne iron | - | Michael Krom |
The chemical structure of the lowermost atmosphere | - | Alastair Lewis |
Factors influencing the oxidative chemistry of the marine boundary layer | - | Paul Monks |
UK SOLAS has also supported ten tied studentships, and two CASE studentships.
Fieldwork
UK SOLAS fieldwork has included eight dedicated research cruises in the North Atlantic Ocean. Continuous measurements were made aboard aboard the Norwegian weather ship, Polarfront, until her decommission in 2009. Time series have been established at the SOLAS Cape Verde Observatory, and at the Plymouth Marine Laboratory L4 station. Experiments have taken place at the Bergen mesocosm facility.
A series of collaborative aircraft campaigns have added complementary atmospheric data. These campaigns were funded by UK SOLAS, African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analyses (AMMA-UK), Dust and Biomass Experiment (DABEX) and the Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements (FAAM).
Weblink: http://www.nerc.ac.uk/research/programmes/solas/
Data Activity or Cruise Information
Cruise
Cruise Name | D326 |
Departure Date | 2008-01-05 |
Arrival Date | 2008-02-05 |
Principal Scientist(s) | Eric Pieter Achterberg (University of Southampton School of Ocean and Earth Science) |
Ship | RRS Discovery |
Complete Cruise Metadata Report is available here
Fixed Station Information
No Fixed Station Information held for the Series
BODC Quality Control Flags
The following single character qualifying flags may be associated with one or more individual parameters with a data cycle:
Flag | Description |
---|---|
Blank | Unqualified |
< | Below detection limit |
> | In excess of quoted value |
A | Taxonomic flag for affinis (aff.) |
B | Beginning of CTD Down/Up Cast |
C | Taxonomic flag for confer (cf.) |
D | Thermometric depth |
E | End of CTD Down/Up Cast |
G | Non-taxonomic biological characteristic uncertainty |
H | Extrapolated value |
I | Taxonomic flag for single species (sp.) |
K | Improbable value - unknown quality control source |
L | Improbable value - originator's quality control |
M | Improbable value - BODC quality control |
N | Null value |
O | Improbable value - user quality control |
P | Trace/calm |
Q | Indeterminate |
R | Replacement value |
S | Estimated value |
T | Interpolated value |
U | Uncalibrated |
W | Control value |
X | Excessive difference |
SeaDataNet Quality Control Flags
The following single character qualifying flags may be associated with one or more individual parameters with a data cycle:
Flag | Description |
---|---|
0 | no quality control |
1 | good value |
2 | probably good value |
3 | probably bad value |
4 | bad value |
5 | changed value |
6 | value below detection |
7 | value in excess |
8 | interpolated value |
9 | missing value |
A | value phenomenon uncertain |
B | nominal value |
Q | value below limit of quantification |