The North Atlantic and Arctic region, including parts of the Greenland and Icelandic seas.

Dissolved oxygen parameters in the water column; Nitrate concentration parameters in the water column; Partial pressure (pCO2) and fugacity (fCO2) of carbon dioxide in the water column; Phosphate concentration parameters in the water column; Salinity of the water column; Silicate concentration parameters in the water column; Total dissolved inorganic carbon (TCO2) concentration in the water column; Temperature of the water column

CTD; discrete water samplers; autoanalysers; titrators; spectrophotometers

CARBOOCEAN IP aims at an accurate assessment of the marine carbon sources and sinks. Target is to reduce the present uncertainties in the quantification of net annual air-sea CO2 fluxes by a factor of 2 for the world ocean and by a factor of 4 for the Atlantic Ocean. The IP will deliver description, process oriented understanding and prediction of the marine carbon sources and sinks with special emphasis on the Atlantic and Southern Oceans on a time scale -200 to +200 years from now. Expected breakthroughs by CARBOOCEAN IP will be firm answers to the following as yet unresolved questions:

     How large are the Atlantic and Southern Ocean CO2 sinks precisely, i.e. how efficient is the downward transport of carbon in the deep-water production areas of the world ocean? 
      What do European rivers and shelf seas contribute to the large scale CO2 sources and sinks pattern the North Atlantic Ocean in relation to uptake within Western Europe? 
      What are the key biogeochemical feedbacks that can affect ocean carbon uptake and how do they operate? 
      What is the quantitative global and regional impact of such feedbacks when forced by climatic change in the next 200 years?

CARBOOCEAN IP will answer these questions through basic research in a strategic combination of extensive large-scale observations, process studies and advanced computer models focusing on all quantitatively important aspects to the problem. The project is based on three elements - observations, process studies, and integrative modelling equivalent to description, understanding and prediction:

      A marine carbon balance for the last 200 years based on high quality observations. 
     A process-based understanding of the marine carbon cycle response to a change in forcing as derived from process studies in the field, in the laboratory, and through modelling. 
      Integrated carbon budgets for the interval -200 to +200 years from now by synthesis of a modelling framework with observations and new feedback.

Marine Research Institute
School Road 4 101 Reykjavík
Reykjavik


Iceland