Metadata Report for BODC Series Reference Number 2026864
Metadata Summary
Problem Reports
Data Access Policy
Narrative Documents
Project Information
Data Activity or Cruise Information
Fixed Station Information
BODC Quality Flags
SeaDataNet Quality Flags
Metadata Summary
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Time Co-ordinates(UT) |
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Problem Reports
No Problem Report Found in the Database
EK188 Navigation Quality Control Report
The EK188 navigation data was recorded from the ship's bridge but this system stopped working on the 26nd March at 23:11:00 (UTC) due to electronic issues on the ship caused by a conflict between instrumentation.
Data Access Policy
Open Data
These data have no specific confidentiality restrictions for users. However, users must acknowledge data sources as it is not ethical to publish data without proper attribution. Any publication or other output resulting from usage of the data should include an acknowledgment.
If the Information Provider does not provide a specific attribution statement, or if you are using Information from several Information Providers and multiple attributions are not practical in your product or application, you may consider using the following:
"Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v1.0."
Narrative Documents
Simrad EK60 Echosounder
The Simrad EK60 echosounder is a split-beam echosounder primarily designed for fisheries research. One or more acoustic transducers are mounted in the vessel's hull, allowing continuous monitoring of the water column along the ship's track. Seven transducer frequencies are available, ranging from 18kHz to 710 kHz. The EK60 also features a 150 dB instantaneous dynamic range and an adjustable ping rate up to 20 pings per second.
A portable version, known as the EY60, is also available.
Specifications
Operational range | 0 to 15000 m |
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Operating frequencies | 18, 38, 70, 120, 200, 330 and 710 kHz |
Ping rate | Max 20 ping s-1 (adjustable) |
Dynamic range | 150 dB (instantaneous) |
Receiver noise | 4 dB |
Operating temperature | 0 to 55°C |
Further details can be found in the manufacturer's brochure.
EK188 Navigation Instrumentation
The following scientific navigational and bathymetric systems were fitted.
Manufacturer | Model | Function | Comments |
Furuno | GP 150 Dual | GPS (latitude, longitude,speed over ground and course over ground) | Primary source of position for science. |
Kongsberg Maritime | Simrad EK-60 | Single-beam echo sounder | Primary bathymetry source. |
Gyrocompass (Unspecified) | Unknown | Ships heading |
Furuno GP-150 Dual Global Positioning System receiver
The GP-150-DUAL consists of two dual differential GPS navigator systems and an interface unit. Each GPS navigator consists of a display unit combining a GPS receiver and video plotter, and a GPS antenna. The interface unit functions to exchange data between the GPS navigators and external equipment. A high sensitivity receiver tracks up to 12 satellites simultaneously. An 8-state Kalman filter ensures optimum accuracy in determination of vessel position, course and speed. The instrument has storage for 999 waypoints and 30 routes, and its memory can store 2,000 points of track and marks. The instrument fully meets the following regulations: IMO MSC. 112(73), IEC 61162-1, IEC 61108-1 and IEC 62288.
For more information, please see this document: https://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/documents/nodb/pdf/Furuno_gp150_dual_operators_manual_e__22610.pdf
EK188 Navigation Processing Procedures Document
Originator's Data Processing
The navigation data and bathymetric data were measured during the EK188 cruise. The data were processed by the originator and submitted to BODC in ASCII format.
The table below shows the original files delivered to BODC that contained the data in the final data series, along with start and end dates and times of each file.
File delivered to BODC
Filename | Content description | Format | Interval | Start date/time (UTC) | End date/time (UTC) | Comments |
EK188_Wind_ColdRidgeCruise2_06012020V1.0.txt | Position, heading, Bathymetry, speed and course over ground | ASCII | 60 seconds | 21/03/2019 00:00:00 | 26/03/2019 23:11:00 | - |
BODC Data Processing
The data were reformatted to the BODC internal format using standard banking procedures, and averaged at 60 second intervals. The following table shows how variables within the files were mapped to appropriate BODC parameter codes:
Originator's Parameter | Originator's Units | Description | BODC parameter | BODC Units | Comments and unit conversions |
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lat | DD mm.mmmm | Latitude | ALATGP01 | degrees | - |
long | DD mm.mmmm | Longitude | ALONGP01 | degrees | - |
heading | degrees | Heading | HEADCM01 | degrees | - |
SOG | knots | Speed over ground | APSAGP01 | m/s | Conversion from knots to m/s |
COG | degrees | Course over ground | APDAGP01 | degrees | - |
depth | m | Sea floor depth | MBANZZ01 | metres | - |
All reformatted data were visualised using the in-house EDSERPLO software. Where calibrations had been applied, only the calibrated versions of those parameters were screened. Suspect data were marked by adding an appropriate quality control flag.
Position
A check was run on positional data to identify gaps and improbable values (through the calculation of speed). There was one gap in the positional data at the start and end of the file, produced during loading to the BODC system. These gaps were trimmed after processing was complete.
Distance Run
Distance run was calculated from the main latitude and longitude channels, starting from the beginning of the file, using BODC standard procedures.
GEBCO
GEBCO bathymetry (15 arc-second grid) was added to the file using the main latitude and longitude channels. It was used to screen echo-sounder bathymetry.
Bathymetry
Bathymetry data were screened independently as well as against GEBCO bathymetry measurements. The EK-60 was the only source of bathymetric data during EK188.
Calibration
No field calibrations were applied to the data at BODC.
Project Information
SOLSTICE-WIO: Sustainable Oceans, Livelihoods and food Security Through Increased Capacity in Ecosystem research in the Western Indian Ocean
Introduction
SOLSTICE-WIO is a four-year collaborative project funded by the UK Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF). Launched in October 2017, it brings together recent advances in marine technologies, local knowledge and research expertise to address challenges facing the Western Indian Ocean region in a cost-effective way via state-of-the-art technology transfer, collaborative environmental and socio-economic research and hands-on training.
Over 100 million people in the Western Indian Ocean (WIO) region live within 100km of the coast, with over 1 million working in the fisheries sector. The WIO is highly dependent on the ocean for economic stability, food security, and social cohesion. In recent years, the region has seen dramatic and often poorly understood reductions in key fisheries, due to the combined effects of climate change, natural ecosystem variability, overfishing and degradation of key marine habitats. Until the mechanisms behind the collapse are understood, there is little potential for aiding recovery or guiding adaptation. The key to stability of living marine resources lies in an ecosystem approach to fisheries (EAF), which sees human-natural systems as a whole, integrated entity rather than separately considering individual target species. Understanding and managing WIO fisheries and the impacts of recent and future changes requires a mature capacity to implement an ecosystem approach to fisheries management (EAF) that is built on sound environmental and socio-economic information.
The core strength of SOLSTICE-WIO lies in its integral approach to food security, drawing on UK expertise in physical oceanography, marine ecology, autonomous observations, environmental economics and the human dimension,and WIO expertise in fisheries, the marine economy and regional policy development. SOLSTICE will provide the region with the state-of-the-art technology to deliver cost-effective marine research and provide the information needed to achieve maximum potential from the region's living marine resources. In the UK marine robotics, ocean models and novel data products from satellite observations have developed rapidly in the last decade, and now underpin Blue Economies and Ocean Governance in Europe. These technologies are highly agile and ready to be applied in the developing world as cost-effective ways to maximise understanding and sustainable exploitation of living marine resources. Such "technology leapfrogging" can overcome the severe lack of research ships in the WIO and save decades of effort in developing predictive modelling systems from scratch.
Scientific Objectives
SOLSTICE-WIO main objectives are to:
- Grow marine environmental research capability to address challenges facing the WIO region in a cost-effective way via state-of-the-art technology transfer, collaborative environmental and socio-economic research, and hands-on training.
- Strengthen the capacity of UK marine scientists to apply leading-edge technologies in developing countries, and work with regional and local experts to ensure that their research addresses local and regional needs.
- Strengthen the ability of WIO scientists to effectively deliver evidence-based environmental and socio-economic information to support policy development and implementation at national and regional levels.
- Ensure future sustainability of marine research capability in the region by training and mentoring early career scientists and post-graduate students from the WIO and by developing on-line resources for use in distance learning and hands-on training of marine scientists outside the partner organisations and beyond the duration of the project.
- Ensure on-going support for an Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries in the WIO by building lasting strategic research partnerships between UK marine science and regional centres of excellence, between these centres and other WIO research organisations, and between marine scientist and government agencies and NGOs mandated to deliver sustainable development and exploitation of marine living resources in the WIO.
Fieldwork
SOLSTICE-WIO will demonstrate its approach to strengthening research capacity through three case studies in Kenya, Tanzania and South Africa. These have been selected by SOLSTICE-WIO partners in each of the three countries.
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Tanzania Case Study: Pemba Channel small pelagic fishery under climate threat.
The small pelagic fishery is important for local communities in Zanzibar and mainland Tanzania as a source of food security, nutrition and livelihood support. This diverse group includes mackerel, sardines and anchovies â?? found in schools over the continental shelf, in bays and deep lagoons with nutrient rich waters. They are more abundant during the southeast monsoon, when stronger winds drive upwelling that brings nutrient rich water to the surface.
Despite its importance for coastal economies, there is a lack of data and information about the fishery, which hampers effective management. Using robotics, modelling, remote sensing, field observations and socio-economic studies, SOLSTICE will identify key environmental and anthropogenic drivers of the main species and address climatic pressures on this fishery.
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Kenya Case Study: Emerging fishery of the North Kenya Bank, an opportunity for coastal populations.
The North Kenya Bank fishery is expected to spur economic growth for local communities. If well managed, it could help achieve national development goals, including poverty alleviation and wealth creation. Sustainability requires informed management interventions, but there is only scant information on the ecological status and drivers of the fishery.
Using modelling, remote sensing, field observations and socio-economic studies, SOLSTICE will explore processes related to productivity and resilience of the ecosystems supporting the fishery, identify the main drivers of variability and change, and advise the fishery and government on how to optimise use of this important resource.
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South Africa Case Study: Environmental drivers and socio-economic consequences of the South African Chokka squid fishery collapsing.
The collapse of the Chokka squid fishery in 2013 had a devastating effect on the Eastern Cape, one of the poorest provinces in South Africa. The reasons for the collapse are unknown, although local fishermen believe it happened as a result of environmental change.
SOLSTICE will address key environmental and anthropogenic factors controlling the ecosystem dynamics of the Agulhas Bank. The results will help explain why the fishery collapsed, and inform the fishery and government as to whether the current recovery is stable, or whether similar collapses are likely in the future.
Project Collaborators
The science delivered as part of SOLSTICE-WIO is greatly enhanced by the collaboration of the following institutions:
- National Oceanography Centre (NOC)
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML)
- Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS)
- Heriot-Watt University
- Imperative Space
- Nelson Mandela University (NMU)
- South African Squid Management Industry Association
- Rhodes University
- South African Environmental Observation Network
- University of Cape Town
- Institute of Marine Sciences (IMS)
- Western Indian Ocean Marine Science Association
- Tanzania Fisheries Research Institute (TAFIRI)
- Environment for Development - Tanzania (EfDT)
- WWF Tanzania
- Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute (KMFRI)
- Coastal Oceans Research and Development â?? Indian Ocean
- University of Seychelles
- Mozambique National Institute of Fisheries Research
- Institut Halieutique et des Sciences Marines (IH.SM)
SOLSTICE-WIO Leadership Team
Directors
- Prof Mike Roberts (Nelson Mandela University (NMU), South Africa)
- Dr Katya Popova (National Oceanography Centre (NOC), UK)
Members
- Prof Julius Francis (Western Indian Ocean Marine Science Association (WIOMSA), Tanzania)
- Dr Yohana W. Shaghude (Institute of Marine Sciences (IMS), Tanzania)
- Dr Baraka Sekadende (Tanzania Fisheries Research Institute (TAFIRI), Tanzania)
- Dr Joseph Kamau (Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute (KMFRI), Kenya)
- Prof Warwick Sauer (Rhodes University (Rhodes), South Africa)
- Dr Eleni Papathanasopoulou (Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML), UK)
- Dr Matthew Palmer (National Oceanography Centre (NOC), UK)
- Dr Val Byfield (National Oceanography Centre (NOC), UK)
- Sofia Alexiou (National Oceanography Centre (NOC), UK)
Funding
This is a NERC funded research project. The total value of the grant is £6,934,488 and the period of award is from September 4th 2017 to March 3rd 2020. NERC Reference: NE/P021050/1
Data Activity or Cruise Information
Cruise
Cruise Name | EK188 |
Departure Date | 2019-03-21 |
Arrival Date | 2019-04-02 |
Principal Scientist(s) | Margaux Noyon (Nelson Mandela University, Institute for Coastal and Marine Research) |
Ship | Ellen Khuzwayo |
Complete Cruise Metadata Report is available here
Fixed Station Information
No Fixed Station Information held for the Series
BODC Quality Control Flags
The following single character qualifying flags may be associated with one or more individual parameters with a data cycle:
Flag | Description |
---|---|
Blank | Unqualified |
< | Below detection limit |
> | In excess of quoted value |
A | Taxonomic flag for affinis (aff.) |
B | Beginning of CTD Down/Up Cast |
C | Taxonomic flag for confer (cf.) |
D | Thermometric depth |
E | End of CTD Down/Up Cast |
G | Non-taxonomic biological characteristic uncertainty |
H | Extrapolated value |
I | Taxonomic flag for single species (sp.) |
K | Improbable value - unknown quality control source |
L | Improbable value - originator's quality control |
M | Improbable value - BODC quality control |
N | Null value |
O | Improbable value - user quality control |
P | Trace/calm |
Q | Indeterminate |
R | Replacement value |
S | Estimated value |
T | Interpolated value |
U | Uncalibrated |
W | Control value |
X | Excessive difference |
SeaDataNet Quality Control Flags
The following single character qualifying flags may be associated with one or more individual parameters with a data cycle:
Flag | Description |
---|---|
0 | no quality control |
1 | good value |
2 | probably good value |
3 | probably bad value |
4 | bad value |
5 | changed value |
6 | value below detection |
7 | value in excess |
8 | interpolated value |
9 | missing value |
A | value phenomenon uncertain |
B | nominal value |
Q | value below limit of quantification |