Metadata Report for BODC Series Reference Number 2138621
Metadata Summary
Problem Reports
Data Access Policy
Narrative Documents
Project Information
Data Activity or Cruise Information
Fixed Station Information
BODC Quality Flags
SeaDataNet Quality Flags
Metadata Summary
Data Description |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Data Identifiers |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Time Co-ordinates(UT) |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Spatial Co-ordinates | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Parameters |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definition of BOTTFLAG | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
BOTTFLAG | Definition |
---|---|
0 | The sampling event occurred without any incident being reported to BODC. |
1 | The filter in an in-situ sampling pump physically ruptured during sample resulting in an unquantifiable loss of sampled material. |
2 | Analytical evidence (e.g. surface water salinity measured on a sample collected at depth) indicates that the water sample has been contaminated by water from depths other than the depths of sampling. |
3 | The feedback indicator on the deck unit reported that the bottle closure command had failed. General Oceanics deck units used on NERC vessels in the 80s and 90s were renowned for reporting misfires when the bottle had been closed. This flag is also suitable for when a trigger command is mistakenly sent to a bottle that has previously been fired. |
4 | During the sampling deployment the bottle was fired in an order other than incrementing rosette position. Indicative of the potential for errors in the assignment of bottle firing depth, especially with General Oceanics rosettes. |
5 | Water was reported to be escaping from the bottle as the rosette was being recovered. |
6 | The bottle seals were observed to be incorrectly seated and the bottle was only part full of water on recovery. |
7 | Either the bottle was found to contain no sample on recovery or there was no bottle fitted to the rosette position fired (but SBE35 record may exist). |
8 | There is reason to doubt the accuracy of the sampling depth associated with the sample. |
9 | The bottle air vent had not been closed prior to deployment giving rise to a risk of sample contamination through leakage. |
Definition of Rank |
|
|
Problem Reports
No Problem Report Found in the Database
Data Access Policy
Open Data supplied by Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)
You must always use the following attribution statement to acknowledge the source of the information: "Contains data supplied by Natural Environment Research Council."
Narrative Documents
SEAL Analytical QuAAtro colorimetric autoanalyser
The SEAL QuAAtro high Performance Microflow Analyzer is the latest generation of the original world-class TechniconTM Segmented Flow Analysis (SFA) systems.
A basic SFA system consists of an autosampler, a peristaltic pump, a chemistry manifold, a detector and data acquisition software. Sample and reagents are pumped continuously through the chemistry manifold. Air bubbles are introduced at regular intervals forming unique reaction segments which are mixed using glass coils. Glass is ideal, as it is inert, stays clean and enables easy visual checks.
In SFA, reactions run to completion and the ratio of sample to reagents in the detector reaches a constant maximum value. This results in ultra-low detection limits and exceptional reproducibility. Variations in reaction time, temperature and sample matrix do not affect the results as they do in other colorimetric techniques, such as flow injection analysis, where the reaction is not brought to completion.
QuAAtro is a microflow SFA system, the internal diameter of all glassware being 1 mm. This reduces reagent consumption and increases throughput, with most methods running at 100 - 120 samples hour. The integrated enclosed manifold and detector are heated to 37 °C. Flow stability is ensured as the optimal bubble frequency for each method is programmed by silent air valves. Automatic start-up, method changeover and shutdown allows true unattended operation and overnight running. QuAAtro checks its own performance, with automatic monitoring of noise, drift, bubble pattern and light energy, before and during a run.
Up to four methods can run at the same time on one console, and there is a special 5-channel version for nutrients in seawater. Two consoles can be combined to give an 8-channel system.
Further details can be found in the manufacturer's specification sheet.
Niskin Bottle
The Niskin bottle is a device used by oceanographers to collect subsurface seawater samples. It is a plastic bottle with caps and rubber seals at each end and is deployed with the caps held open, allowing free-flushing of the bottle as it moves through the water column.
Standard Niskin
The standard version of the bottle includes a plastic-coated metal spring or elastic cord running through the interior of the bottle that joins the two caps, and the caps are held open against the spring by plastic lanyards. When the bottle reaches the desired depth the lanyards are released by a pressure-actuated switch, command signal or messenger weight and the caps are forced shut and sealed, trapping the seawater sample.
Lever Action Niskin
The Lever Action Niskin Bottle differs from the standard version, in that the caps are held open during deployment by externally mounted stainless steel springs rather than an internal spring or cord. Lever Action Niskins are recommended for applications where a completely clear sample chamber is critical or for use in deep cold water.
Clean Sampling
A modified version of the standard Niskin bottle has been developed for clean sampling. This is teflon-coated and uses a latex cord to close the caps rather than a metal spring. The clean version of the Levered Action Niskin bottle is also teflon-coated and uses epoxy covered springs in place of the stainless steel springs. These bottles are specifically designed to minimise metal contamination when sampling trace metals.
Deployment
Bottles may be deployed singly clamped to a wire or in groups of up to 48 on a rosette. Standard bottles and Lever Action bottles have a capacity between 1.7 and 30 L. Reversing thermometers may be attached to a spring-loaded disk that rotates through 180° on bottle closure.
JC090 inorganic nutrients sampling document
Originator's protocol for data acquisition
The following contains extracts from the JC090 cruise report.
The RRS James Cook 090 cruise was the concluding phase of the fieldwork for the Ocean Surface Mixing, Ocean Sub-mesoscale Interaction Study (OSMOSIS) consortium and sought to recover 9 moorings and 2 gliders to conduct hydrographic and biogeochemical measurements for mooring and glider calibration, and to obtain opportunistic measurements of upper-ocean microstructure and air-sea CO2 fluxes. The cruise departed on the 30 August 2013 from the port of Vigo, Spain and returned on the 17 September 2013 at the port of Santander, Spain.
Sample collection
A CTD rosette was used for collecting water samples from various depths between the surface and 200 m. The rosette had 24 Niskin bottles with a 20 litre capacity. Samples were also collected from the ships underway system (~ 5 m depth) approximately every 6 hours starting at 11:00 hours (GMT) on 02 Sep 2013 and finishing at 17:00 hours (GMT) on 13 Sep 2013.
A 10 ml water sample collected for nutrient analysis was placed in a 15 ml labeled centrifuge tube. The sample was then frozen for later analysis at the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton.
Sample analysis
The nutrients were analysed at NOCS using the SEAL Analytical UK Ltd segmented-flow autoanalyser (QuAAtro), for nitrate, nitrite, phosphate and silicate, using the methodology of Kirkwood (1996). The following calibrations were applied:
- Nitrate and Nitrite linear fit, r2 = 1.000 (calibration concentrations - 3.034, 6.067, 9.101,12.134 µmol l-1)
- Silicate linear fit, r2 = 0.9999 (calibration concentrations - 2.482, 4.964, 7.445, 9.927 µmol l-1)
- Nitrite linear fit, r2 = 0.9999 (calibration concentrations - 0.507, 1.014, 1.521, 2.027 µmol l-1)
- Phosphate linear fit, r2 = 0.9999 (calibration concentrations - 0.502, 1.005, 1.507, 2.010 µmol l-1)
BODC data processing procedures
Inorganic nutrients data were supplied to BODC in Microsoft Excel format and values were extracted for loading into BODC's ocean database under the ORACLE Relational Database Management System. Data that were considered unrealistic were flagged suspect.
Content of data series
Originator's Parameter | Unit | Description | BODC Parameter code | BODC Unit | Comments |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nitrate and Nitrite (CTD and underway samples) | µmol l-1 | Concentration of nitrate+nitrite {NO3+NO2} per unit volume of the water body [unknown phase] by colorimetric autoanalysis | NTRZAATX | µmol l-1 | N/A |
Silicate (CTD and underway samples) | µmol l-1 | Concentration of silicate {SiO4} per unit volume of the water body [unknown phase] by colorimetric autoanalysis | SLCAAATX | µmol l-1 | N/A |
Nitrite (CTD and underway samples) | µmol l-1 | Concentration of nitrite {NO2} per unit volume of the water body [unknown phase] by colorimetric autoanalysis | NTRIAAZX | µmol l-1 | N/A |
Phosphate (CTD and underway samples) | µmol l-1 | Concentration of phosphate {PO4} per unit volume of the water body [unknown phase] by colorimetric autoanalysis | PHOSAATX | µmol l-1 | N/A |
Data quality report
Negative nitrite values are below the detection limit of the analyser for the CTD and underway samples. Negative silicate values were also present due to the same reason for the CTD samples. These values have been assigned an 'M' flag by BODC.
References
Kirkwood, D. S. (1996.) Nutrients: Practical notes on their determination in seawater. In: ICES Techniques in Marine Environmental Sciences Report 17, International Council for the Exploration of the Seas, Copenhagen (1996), p.25
Naveira-Garabato A. et al. (2013). 'Ocean Surface Mixing, Ocean Sub-mesoscale Interaction Study (OSMOSIS)'. Cruise Report No. 25 National Oceanography Centre, Southampton.
Project Information
Ocean Surface Mixing, Ocean Sub-mesoscale Interaction Study (OSMOSIS)
Background
The Ocean Surface Mixing, Ocean Sub-mesoscale Interaction Study (OSMOSIS) consortium was funded to deliver NERC's Ocean Surface Boundary Layer (OSBL) programme. Commencing in 2011, this multiple year study will combine traditional observational techniques, such as moorings and CTDs, with the latest autonomous sampling technologies (including ocean gliders), capable of delivering near real-time scientific measurements through the water column.
The OSMOSIS consortium aims to improve understanding of the OSBL, the interface between the atmosphere and the deeper ocean. This layer of the water column is thought to play a pivotal role in global climate and the productivity of our oceans.
OSMOSIS involves collaborations between scientists at various universities (Reading, Oxford, Bangor, Southampton and East Anglia) together with researchers at the National Oceanography Centre (NOC), Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS) and Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML). In addition, there are a number of project partners linked to the consortium.
Scientific Objectives
- The primary goal of the fieldwork component of OSMOSIS is to obtain a year-long time series of the properties of the OSBL and its controlling 3D physical processes. This is achieved with an array of moorings (two nested clusters of 4 moorings, each centred around a central mooring) and gliders deployed near the Porcupine Abyssal Plain (PAP) observatory. Data obtained from this campaign will help with the understanding of these processes and subsequent development of associated parameterisations.
- OSMOSIS will attempt to create parameterisations for the processes which determine the evolving stratification and potential vorticity budgets of the OSBL.
- The overall legacy of OSMOSIS will be to develop new (physically based and observationally supported) parameterisations of processes that deepen and shoal the OSBL, and to implement and evaluate these parameterisations in a state-of-the-art global coupled climate model, facilitating improved weather and climate predictions.
Fieldwork
Three cruises are directly associated with the OSMOSIS consortium. Preliminary exploratory work in the Clyde Sea (September 2011) to hone techniques and strategies, followed by a mooring deployment and recovery cruise in the vicinity of the Porcupine Abyssal Plain (PAP) observatory (in late Summer 2012 and 2013 respectively). Additional opportunist ship time being factored in to support the ambitious glider operations associated with OSMOSIS.
Instrumentation
Types of instrumentation and measurements associated with the OSMOSIS observational campaign:
- Ocean gliders
- Wave rider buoys
- Towed SeaSoar surveys
- Microshear measurements
- Moored current meters, conductivity-temperature sensors and ADCPs
- Traditional shipboard measurements (including CTD, underway, discrete nutrients, LADCP, ADCP).
Contacts
Collaborator | Organisation |
---|---|
Prof. Stephen Belcher | University of Reading, U.K |
Dr. Alberto C Naveira Garabato | University of Southampton, U.K |
Data Activity or Cruise Information
Data Activity
Start Date (yyyy-mm-dd) | 2013-09-03 |
End Date (yyyy-mm-dd) | 2013-09-03 |
Organization Undertaking Activity | University of Southampton School of Ocean and Earth Science |
Country of Organization | United Kingdom |
Originator's Data Activity Identifier | JC090_CTD_JC090_002 |
Platform Category | lowered unmanned submersible |
BODC Sample Metadata Report for JC090_CTD_JC090_002
Sample reference number | Nominal collection volume(l) | Bottle rosette position | Bottle firing sequence number | Minimum pressure sampled (dbar) | Maximum pressure sampled (dbar) | Depth of sampling point (m) | Bottle type | Sample quality flag | Bottle reference | Comments |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
886811 | 20.00 | 1 | 1 | 200.70 | 201.70 | 199.40 | Niskin bottle | No problem reported | ||
886814 | 20.00 | 3 | 3 | 151.50 | 152.50 | 150.70 | Niskin bottle | No problem reported | ||
886817 | 20.00 | 4 | 4 | 101.10 | 102.10 | 100.70 | Niskin bottle | No problem reported | ||
886820 | 20.00 | 5 | 5 | 100.40 | 101.40 | 100.00 | Niskin bottle | No problem reported | ||
886823 | 20.00 | 6 | 6 | 75.80 | 76.80 | 75.60 | Niskin bottle | No problem reported | ||
886826 | 20.00 | 7 | 7 | 75.80 | 76.80 | 75.60 | Niskin bottle | No problem reported | ||
886829 | 20.00 | 8 | 8 | 60.40 | 61.40 | 60.40 | Niskin bottle | No problem reported | ||
886907 | 20.00 | 9 | 9 | 60.00 | 61.00 | 60.00 | Niskin bottle | No problem reported | ||
886910 | 20.00 | 10 | 10 | 50.50 | 51.50 | 50.60 | Niskin bottle | No problem reported | ||
886913 | 20.00 | 11 | 11 | 50.50 | 51.50 | 50.60 | Niskin bottle | No problem reported | ||
886916 | 20.00 | 13 | 13 | 43.80 | 44.80 | 43.90 | Niskin bottle | No problem reported | ||
886919 | 20.00 | 17 | 17 | 30.40 | 31.40 | 30.60 | Niskin bottle | No problem reported | ||
886922 | 20.00 | 21 | 21 | 10.00 | 11.00 | 10.40 | Niskin bottle | No problem reported | ||
886925 | 20.00 | 23 | 23 | 5.10 | 6.10 | 5.60 | Niskin bottle | No problem reported | ||
906887 | 20.00 | 2 | 2 | 151.10 | 152.10 | 150.30 | Niskin bottle | No problem reported | ||
906890 | 20.00 | 12 | 12 | 50.30 | 51.30 | 50.40 | Niskin bottle | No problem reported | ||
906893 | 20.00 | 14 | 14 | 43.50 | 44.50 | 43.60 | Niskin bottle | Bottle misfire | ||
906896 | 20.00 | 15 | 15 | 43.40 | 44.40 | 43.50 | Niskin bottle | No problem reported | ||
906899 | 20.00 | 16 | 16 | 30.10 | 31.10 | 30.30 | Niskin bottle | No problem reported | ||
906902 | 20.00 | 18 | 18 | 30.30 | 31.30 | 30.50 | Niskin bottle | No problem reported | ||
906905 | 20.00 | 19 | 19 | 20.40 | 21.40 | 20.70 | Niskin bottle | No problem reported | ||
906908 | 20.00 | 20 | 20 | 19.90 | 20.90 | 20.20 | Niskin bottle | No problem reported | ||
906911 | 20.00 | 22 | 22 | 10.50 | 11.50 | 10.90 | Niskin bottle | No problem reported | ||
906914 | 20.00 | 24 | 24 | 5.20 | 6.20 | 5.70 | Niskin bottle | No problem reported |
Please note:the supplied parameters may not have been sampled from all the bottle firings described in the table above. Cross-match the Sample Reference Number above against the SAMPRFNM value in the data file to identify the relevant metadata.
Related Data Activity activities are detailed in Appendix 1
Cruise
Cruise Name | JC090 |
Departure Date | 2013-08-31 |
Arrival Date | 2013-09-16 |
Principal Scientist(s) | Alberto C Naveira Garabato (University of Southampton School of Ocean and Earth Science) |
Ship | RRS James Cook |
Complete Cruise Metadata Report is available here
Fixed Station Information
No Fixed Station Information held for the Series
BODC Quality Control Flags
The following single character qualifying flags may be associated with one or more individual parameters with a data cycle:
Flag | Description |
---|---|
Blank | Unqualified |
< | Below detection limit |
> | In excess of quoted value |
A | Taxonomic flag for affinis (aff.) |
B | Beginning of CTD Down/Up Cast |
C | Taxonomic flag for confer (cf.) |
D | Thermometric depth |
E | End of CTD Down/Up Cast |
G | Non-taxonomic biological characteristic uncertainty |
H | Extrapolated value |
I | Taxonomic flag for single species (sp.) |
K | Improbable value - unknown quality control source |
L | Improbable value - originator's quality control |
M | Improbable value - BODC quality control |
N | Null value |
O | Improbable value - user quality control |
P | Trace/calm |
Q | Indeterminate |
R | Replacement value |
S | Estimated value |
T | Interpolated value |
U | Uncalibrated |
W | Control value |
X | Excessive difference |
SeaDataNet Quality Control Flags
The following single character qualifying flags may be associated with one or more individual parameters with a data cycle:
Flag | Description |
---|---|
0 | no quality control |
1 | good value |
2 | probably good value |
3 | probably bad value |
4 | bad value |
5 | changed value |
6 | value below detection |
7 | value in excess |
8 | interpolated value |
9 | missing value |
A | value phenomenon uncertain |
B | nominal value |
Q | value below limit of quantification |
Appendix 1: JC090_CTD_JC090_002
Related series for this Data Activity are presented in the table below. Further information can be found by following the appropriate links.
If you are interested in these series, please be aware we offer a multiple file download service. Should your credentials be insufficient for automatic download, the service also offers a referral to our Enquiries Officer who may be able to negotiate access.
Series Identifier | Data Category | Start date/time | Start position | Cruise |
---|---|---|---|---|
2138485 | Water sample data | 2013-09-03 19:50:16 | 48.68029 N, 16.19081 W | RRS James Cook JC090 |
2138577 | Water sample data | 2013-09-03 19:50:16 | 48.68029 N, 16.19081 W | RRS James Cook JC090 |