RRS Challenger CH115C

Cruise summary report

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Cruise Info.

Ship name (ship code)

RRS Challenger (74CH)

Cruise identifier

CH115C

Cruise period

1994-11-01 — 1994-11-14

Status

Completed

Port of departure

Grimsby, United Kingdom

Port of return

Dundee, United Kingdom

Objectives

1. To quantify the hydrodynamical transports and the processes affecting transformations, interactions and fates of particles, biogeochemically important elements and representative contaminants from land sources to the coastal zone.
2. To provide the first integrated environmental data base for a UK coastal region covering seasonal cycles and interannual variability and incorporating measurements of the fluxes of materials and rates of biological productivity.
3. To generate new quantitative understanding of estuarine and coastal zone processes controlling the fluxes and reactivities of both natural and anthropogenic materials.
4. To provide integratable models of these processes as building blocks for comprehensive coastal zone system models which will realistically predict the effects of future environmental change.

Chief scientist

Colin Jago (University of Wales, Bangor School of Ocean Sciences)

Project

LOIS - RACS

Coordinating body

NERC, Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML)

Ocean/sea areas

General

North Sea

Specific

UK coastal waters from the Wash to Berwick upon Tweed

Track charts

Measurements

Physical oceanography

Surface measurements underway (T,S)

Quantity: activity duration in days = 14
Description: Continuous underway transmittance, incident PAR, etc.

CTD stations

Quantity: number of profiles = 113
Description: Neil Brown MK IIIB,up/downwelling PAR radiance meters, fluor.,O2

Current profiler (eg ADCP)

Quantity: activity duration in days = 14
Description: underway shipborne ADCP

Chemical oceanography

Phosphate

Quantity: activity duration in days = 14
Description: Continuous underway transmittance, incident PAR, etc.

Nitrate

Quantity: activity duration in days = 14
Description: Continuous underway transmittance, incident PAR, etc.

Nitrite

Quantity: activity duration in days = 14
Description: Continuous underway transmittance, incident PAR, etc.

Ammonia

Quantity: number of samples = 50
Description: from CTD rosette analysed for ammonia and aluminium

Silicate

Quantity: activity duration in days = 14
Description: Continuous underway transmittance, incident PAR, etc.

Other chemical oceanographic measurements

Quantity: number of samples = 50
Description: from CTD rosette analysed for ammonia and aluminium

Other chemical oceanographic measurements

Quantity: number of samples = 30
Description: from non-toxic supply for sulphide determination

Contamination

Suspended matter

Quantity: number of experiments = 35
Description: (velocity tubes) settling velocity, particle size distribution

Suspended matter

Quantity: number of samples = 200
Description: from CTD rosette analysed for suspended part. matter (SPM)

Trace metals

Quantity: number of samples = 10
Description: (grabs) trace metals (Zn,Cu,etc)

Trace metals

Quantity: number of samples = 50
Description: from CTD rosette analysed for trace metals and Ni adsorption

Other contaminant measurements

Quantity: number of samples = 50
Description: from CTD rosette analysed for trace metals and Ni adsorption

Other contaminant measurements

Quantity: number of samples = 10
Description: (grabs) trace metals (Zn,Cu,etc)

Biology and fisheries

Phytoplankton pigs (eg chlorophyll, fluorescence)

Quantity: activity duration in days = 14
Description: Continuous underway transmittance, incident PAR, etc.

Pelagic bacteria/micro-organisms

Quantity: number of samples = 15
Description: from non-toxic supply for bacterial diversity

Meteorology

Incident radiation

Quantity: activity duration in days = 14
Description: Continuous underway transmittance, incident PAR, etc.

Geology and geophysics

Grab

Quantity: number of samples = 10
Description: (grabs) grain size

Other geological/geophysical measurements

Quantity: number of experiments = 35
Description: (velocity tubes) settling velocity, particle size distribution

Other geological/geophysical measurements

Quantity: number of samples = 10
Description: (grabs) grain size

Moorings, landers, buoys

Physical oceanography

Subsurface temperature measurements

53° 46' 59" N 0° 13' 59" E — Station S3: PMP as S4, plus waverider and thermistor chain

Transparency (eg transmissometer)

53° 34' 0" N 0° 3' 0" E — Station S4: transmissometer

Current meters

53° 34' 0" N 0° 3' 0" E — Station S4: PMP containing S4 current meter

Current profiler (eg ADCP)

53° 34' 0" N 0° 3' 0" E — Station S4: moored ADCP

Sea level (inc. bot. press., inverted echosounder)

53° 34' 0" N 0° 3' 0" E — Station S4: water level recorder

Sea level (inc. bot. press., inverted echosounder)

Station N1: PMP as S4, without S4 current meter,plus acoustic backscatter array

Sea level (inc. bot. press., inverted echosounder)

53° 58' 59" N 0° 13' 59" E — Station N4: PMP as S4 without S4 current meter

Instrumented wave measurements

53° 47' 59" N 0° 3' 0" E — Station N2: as S2, plus waverider

Other physical oceanographic measurements

53° 43' 0" N 0° 4' 0" E — Station S1: PMP as S4, plus acoustic backscatter array

Other physical oceanographic measurements

53° 6' 0" N 0° 31' 0" E — PML transmissomter-fluorometer package (between HW12 and HW13)

Chemical oceanography

53° 43' 59" N 0° 7' 0" E — Station S2: PMP as S4, plus Env. Monitoring Package (EMP2000)

Meteorology

Routine standard measurements

53° 51' 0" N 0° 10' 0" E — Station N3: PMP as S4, plus Met. buoy and waverider

Data held at BODC

Get data

Series/Profiles

16 Bottle station

Reference numbers
Vertical spatial coordinates
Phaeopigment concentrations in the water column
Quality control flags
Chlorophyll pigment concentrations in water bodies

[Show series]

Reference numbers
Vertical spatial coordinates
Phaeopigment concentrations in the water column
Quality control flags
Chlorophyll pigment concentrations in water bodies

[Hide series]

BODC id	Date/Time	Location
1677744	1994-11-02 11:35	54° 41' 22" N 1° 7' 7" W
1677640	1994-11-02 00:40	54° 11' 45" N 0° 11' 17" W
1677732	1994-11-02 09:26	54° 38' 37" N 1° 2' 11" W
1677781	1994-11-02 21:24	55° 23' 34" N 1° 30' 7" W
1677707	1994-11-02 05:04	54° 23' 42" N 0° 26' 30" W
1677719	1994-11-06 01:23	53° 46' 2" N 0° 50' 18" E
1677627	1994-11-01 21:24	54° 2' 57" N 0° 3' 3" W
1677676	1994-11-05 20:40	53° 17' 27" N 1° 21' 9" E
1677768	1994-11-02 19:46	55° 12' 33" N 1° 27' 3" W
1677720	1994-11-06 02:52	53° 53' 29" N 0° 41' 2" E
1677664	1994-11-05 17:59	52° 59' 57" N 1° 4' 3" E
1677688	1994-11-05 23:58	53° 39' 12" N 0° 58' 2" E
1677756	1994-11-02 15:15	55° 0' 48" N 1° 22' 4" W
1677615	1994-11-03 04:10	55° 45' 46" N 1° 55' 47" W
1677639	1994-11-04 20:06	53° 32' 57" N 0° 8' 5" E
1677652	1994-11-05 15:10	53° 14' 54" N 0° 38' 57" E

8 Bottom pressure sensor wave recorder

Date and time
Spectral wave data parameters
Wave height and period statistics
Sea level

[Show series]

Date and time
Spectral wave data parameters
Wave height and period statistics
Sea level

[Hide series]

BODC id	Date/Time	Location
426295	1994-11-11 14:50:44 — 1995-01-20 08:50:51	53° 50' 21" N 0° 9' 35" E
426191	1994-11-10 13:30:03 — 1995-01-14 09:30:48	53° 46' 0" N 0° 0' 25" E
426326	1994-11-12 14:50:15 — 1995-01-27 08:50:25	53° 58' 30" N 0° 25' 16" E
426351	1994-11-10 20:50:14 — 1995-01-20 05:50:30	53° 46' 45" N 0° 13' 47" E
426222	1994-11-09 11:50:48 — 1995-01-14 08:50:35	53° 42' 37" N 0° 4' 41" E
426154	1994-11-09 19:50:56 — 1995-01-15 07:50:47	53° 47' 35" N 0° 3' 29" E
426258	1994-11-09 11:50:59 — 1995-01-15 08:50:57	53° 43' 50" N 0° 7' 37" E
426283	1994-11-07 20:50:46 — 1995-01-31 11:50:49	53° 34' 4" N 0° 3' 25" E

113 CTD/STD cast

Transmittance and attenuance of the water column
Salinity of the water column
Temperature of the water column
Vertical spatial coordinates
Concentration of suspended particulate material in the water column
Visible waveband radiance and irradiance measurements in the water column
Density of the water column
Chlorophyll pigment concentrations in water bodies

[Show series]

[Hide series]

BODC id	Date/Time	Location
835579	1994-11-08 03:00	53° 28' 49" N 0° 23' 53" E
835752	1994-11-08 23:20	53° 0' 22" N 0° 24' 52" E
836061	1994-11-06 10:01	53° 43' 31" N 0° 8' 1" E
836085	1994-11-06 11:59	53° 43' 30" N 0° 8' 3" E
835635	1994-11-11 04:32	53° 46' 28" N 0° 13' 12" E
836675	1994-11-06 13:58	53° 43' 30" N 0° 8' 1" E
835659	1994-11-11 20:31	54° 2' 57" N 0° 2' 56" W
836190	1994-11-07 20:02	53° 28' 58" N 0° 24' 0" E
836430	1994-11-05 01:02	53° 32' 57" N 0° 8' 3" E
836454	1994-11-05 03:59	53° 32' 57" N 0° 7' 54" E
836626	1994-11-10 18:29	53° 46' 27" N 0° 13' 10" E
836706	1994-11-02 00:34	54° 11' 44" N 0° 11' 17" W
836731	1994-11-07 01:59	53° 43' 33" N 0° 7' 59" E
835807	1994-11-10 16:52	53° 46' 27" N 0° 13' 12" E
835912	1994-11-11 17:30	54° 2' 58" N 0° 3' 1" W
835936	1994-11-11 19:30	54° 2' 57" N 0° 3' 2" W
835948	1994-11-11 21:33	54° 2' 58" N 0° 2' 58" W
836245	1994-11-08 02:03	53° 28' 51" N 0° 23' 55" E
836257	1994-11-01 21:23	54° 2' 57" N 0° 3' 3" W
836491	1994-11-07 22:02	53° 28' 59" N 0° 24' 0" E
836509	1994-11-08 01:02	53° 28' 56" N 0° 24' 14" E
836510	1994-11-01 18:48	53° 51' 57" N 0° 3' 53" E
835660	1994-11-11 23:31	54° 3' 4" N 0° 3' 1" W
835672	1994-11-12 02:30	54° 3' 2" N 0° 2' 57" W
835819	1994-11-10 19:48	53° 46' 25" N 0° 13' 13" E
835832	1994-11-10 22:29	53° 46' 29" N 0° 13' 10" E
835856	1994-11-11 01:48	53° 46' 29" N 0° 13' 0" E
835881	1994-11-11 03:47	53° 46' 30" N 0° 13' 1" E
835900	1994-11-11 15:32	54° 2' 58" N 0° 2' 58" W
835985	1994-11-12 01:29	54° 3' 1" N 0° 2' 57" W
836024	1994-11-06 01:16	53° 46' 2" N 0° 50' 18" E
836104	1994-11-06 18:02	53° 43' 25" N 0° 8' 7" E
836269	1994-11-02 04:59	54° 23' 42" N 0° 26' 30" W
836350	1994-11-04 14:01	53° 32' 58" N 0° 7' 59" E
836374	1994-11-04 17:06	53° 32' 59" N 0° 7' 54" E
836429	1994-11-05 00:00	53° 33' 0" N 0° 8' 10" E
836522	1994-11-02 09:23	54° 38' 37" N 1° 2' 11" W
836571	1994-11-04 19:00	53° 32' 59" N 0° 7' 59" E
836583	1994-11-04 22:02	53° 32' 59" N 0° 8' 9" E
836755	1994-11-04 12:00	53° 32' 59" N 0° 8' 10" E
835647	1994-11-11 16:32	54° 2' 58" N 0° 2' 59" W
835924	1994-11-11 18:31	54° 3' 1" N 0° 3' 1" W
835961	1994-11-11 22:30	54° 3' 1" N 0° 2' 57" W
836116	1994-11-06 20:01	53° 43' 30" N 0° 8' 2" E
836153	1994-11-07 00:59	53° 43' 32" N 0° 7' 59" E
836221	1994-11-07 23:00	53° 28' 52" N 0° 24' 1" E
836386	1994-11-04 18:00	53° 32' 58" N 0° 7' 55" E
836718	1994-11-05 07:58	53° 32' 58" N 0° 8' 6" E
835580	1994-11-08 20:23	53° 23' 32" N 0° 47' 17" E
835592	1994-11-09 15:21	53° 50' 49" N 0° 7' 1" E
836000	1994-11-05 20:38	53° 17' 27" N 1° 21' 10" E
836012	1994-11-05 23:52	53° 39' 12" N 0° 58' 3" E
836165	1994-11-07 03:03	53° 43' 28" N 0° 8' 3" E
836177	1994-11-07 04:01	53° 43' 28" N 0° 8' 7" E
836233	1994-11-08 00:00	53° 28' 48" N 0° 23' 59" E
836362	1994-11-04 16:03	53° 32' 58" N 0° 7' 56" E
836398	1994-11-04 20:03	53° 32' 58" N 0° 8' 5" E
836417	1994-11-04 23:01	53° 33' 0" N 0° 8' 10" E
836442	1994-11-05 02:59	53° 32' 59" N 0° 7' 55" E
836478	1994-11-05 07:02	53° 33' 0" N 0° 7' 56" E
835531	1994-11-12 05:32	54° 3' 0" N 0° 3' 3" W
835764	1994-11-09 13:44	53° 51' 29" N 0° 1' 58" W
835820	1994-11-10 20:31	53° 46' 28" N 0° 13' 11" E
835868	1994-11-11 02:34	53° 46' 28" N 0° 13' 6" E
835997	1994-11-12 03:31	54° 3' 4" N 0° 2' 55" W
836048	1994-11-06 08:00	53° 43' 30" N 0° 8' 6" E
836270	1994-11-02 11:32	54° 41' 22" N 1° 7' 7" W
836313	1994-11-04 09:02	53° 32' 59" N 0° 8' 11" E
836534	1994-11-02 19:43	55° 12' 33" N 1° 27' 3" W
836546	1994-11-04 08:05	53° 32' 58" N 0° 8' 9" E
836614	1994-11-05 15:07	53° 14' 54" N 0° 38' 57" E
835518	1994-11-12 04:31	54° 2' 59" N 0° 3' 0" W
835543	1994-11-12 22:06	52° 53' 54" N 1° 31' 13" E
835567	1994-11-13 02:31	52° 47' 5" N 2° 12' 4" E
835611	1994-11-10 21:49	53° 46' 30" N 0° 13' 14" E
835740	1994-11-08 06:00	53° 28' 59" N 0° 23' 58" E
835776	1994-11-09 21:07	53° 18' 38" N 0° 22' 23" E
835893	1994-11-11 10:32	53° 49' 14" N 0° 7' 59" E
835973	1994-11-12 00:29	54° 3' 1" N 0° 3' 2" W
836294	1994-11-02 21:21	55° 23' 34" N 1° 30' 7" W
836337	1994-11-04 11:00	53° 32' 58" N 0° 8' 11" E
836349	1994-11-04 13:01	53° 32' 57" N 0° 8' 6" E
835555	1994-11-13 00:31	52° 42' 56" N 1° 49' 2" E
835623	1994-11-11 00:39	53° 46' 27" N 0° 12' 46" E
835684	1994-11-05 17:58	52° 59' 57" N 1° 4' 3" E
835727	1994-11-08 04:02	53° 29' 8" N 0° 23' 55" E
835696	1994-11-06 02:43	53° 53' 29" N 0° 41' 1" E
835703	1994-11-06 13:01	53° 43' 29" N 0° 7' 59" E
836651	1994-11-06 15:59	53° 43' 27" N 0° 8' 8" E
836638	1994-11-06 08:59	53° 43' 30" N 0° 8' 3" E
836663	1994-11-06 22:59	53° 43' 32" N 0° 8' 1" E
836141	1994-11-07 00:02	53° 43' 32" N 0° 7' 59" E
835715	1994-11-06 19:00	53° 43' 28" N 0° 8' 7" E
835739	1994-11-08 05:01	53° 28' 59" N 0° 23' 58" E
835788	1994-11-10 07:02	54° 2' 4" N 0° 31' 2" E
835844	1994-11-10 23:50	53° 46' 32" N 0° 13' 16" E
836036	1994-11-06 07:04	53° 43' 26" N 0° 8' 6" E
836073	1994-11-06 11:00	53° 43' 30" N 0° 8' 1" E
836097	1994-11-06 17:02	53° 43' 28" N 0° 8' 8" E
836128	1994-11-06 22:01	53° 43' 31" N 0° 8' 3" E
836189	1994-11-07 19:16	53° 28' 59" N 0° 24' 1" E
836208	1994-11-07 21:03	53° 28' 54" N 0° 24' 3" E
836282	1994-11-02 15:13	55° 0' 49" N 1° 22' 4" W
836301	1994-11-03 04:08	55° 45' 46" N 1° 55' 47" W
836325	1994-11-04 10:02	53° 32' 58" N 0° 8' 11" E
836405	1994-11-04 21:02	53° 32' 59" N 0° 8' 8" E
836466	1994-11-05 05:01	53° 32' 58" N 0° 7' 54" E
836558	1994-11-04 15:00	53° 32' 58" N 0° 7' 57" E
836595	1994-11-05 02:00	53° 32' 59" N 0° 7' 58" E
836602	1994-11-05 06:02	53° 32' 59" N 0° 7' 56" E
836687	1994-11-06 15:02	53° 43' 25" N 0° 8' 6" E
836699	1994-11-06 20:59	53° 43' 31" N 0° 8' 4" E
836743	1994-11-07 04:59	53° 43' 28" N 0° 8' 7" E

6 Electromagnetic current meter

Date and time
Vertical spatial coordinates
Horizontal velocity of the water column (currents)
Metadata parameters
Spectral wave data parameters
Wave direction
Wave height and period statistics

[Show series]

Date and time
Vertical spatial coordinates
Horizontal velocity of the water column (currents)
Metadata parameters
Spectral wave data parameters
Wave direction
Wave height and period statistics

[Hide series]

BODC id	Date/Time	Location
426418	1994-11-10 12:09:59 — 1994-12-31 13:10	53° 46' 0" N 0° 0' 25" E
426387	1994-11-10 12:09:59 — 1995-01-04 03:10	53° 42' 37" N 0° 4' 41" E
464788	1994-11-10 12:00 — 1995-01-04 04:13:59	53° 42' 37" N 0° 4' 41" E
464752	1994-11-09 18:00 — 1995-01-06 23:01	53° 47' 31" N 0° 3' 30" E
464820	1994-11-10 12:00 — 1994-12-31 14:13:59	53° 46' 0" N 0° 0' 25" E
464715	1994-11-10 20:00 — 1995-01-07 22:00:59	53° 46' 45" N 0° 13' 47" E

1 Meteorological data logger

Visible waveband radiance and irradiance measurements in the atmosphere
Horizontal spatial co-ordinates
Date and time

[Show series]

Visible waveband radiance and irradiance measurements in the atmosphere
Horizontal spatial co-ordinates
Date and time

[Hide series]

BODC id	Date/Time	Location	Doc.
952074	1994-11-01 13:56:30 — 1994-11-13 17:53	52° 42' 55" N 1° 56' 8" W — 56° 0' 0" N 2° 12' 10" E

1 Multi-Parameter Environmental Monitoring Probe

Date and time
Salinity of the water column
Temperature of the water column
Concentration of suspended particulate material in the water column
Electrical conductivity of the water column
Alkalinity, acidity and pH of the water column
Sea level

[Show series]

[Hide series]

BODC id	Date/Time	Location	Doc.
579506	1994-11-09 17:35:20 — 1994-12-15 17:05:20	53° 47' 31" N 0° 3' 30" E

1 Ship's non-toxic supply

Horizontal spatial co-ordinates
Transmittance and attenuance of the water column
Date and time
Nitrite concentration parameters in the water column
Phosphate concentration parameters in the water column
Salinity of the water column
Temperature of the water column
Concentration of suspended particulate material in the water column
Silicate concentration parameters in the water column
Nitrate concentration parameters in the water column
Chlorophyll pigment concentrations in water bodies

[Show series]

[Hide series]

BODC id	Date/Time	Location	Doc.
952086	1994-11-01 13:56:30 — 1994-11-13 17:53	52° 42' 55" N 1° 56' 8" W — 56° 0' 0" N 2° 12' 10" E

1 Single-beam echosounder

Horizontal spatial co-ordinates
Date and time
Bathymetry and Elevation

[Show series]

Horizontal spatial co-ordinates
Date and time
Bathymetry and Elevation

[Hide series]

BODC id	Date/Time	Location	Doc.
952062	1994-11-01 13:56:30 — 1994-11-13 17:53	52° 42' 55" N 1° 56' 8" W — 56° 0' 0" N 2° 12' 10" E

6 Transmissometer

Transmittance and attenuance of the water column
Date and time
Concentration of suspended particulate material in the water column

[Show series]

Transmittance and attenuance of the water column
Date and time
Concentration of suspended particulate material in the water column

[Hide series]

BODC id	Date/Time	Location
577966	1994-11-10 09:51 — 1994-12-22 14:29	53° 46' 0" N 0° 0' 25" E
577886	1994-11-10 17:14 — 1994-12-25 19:07	53° 46' 45" N 0° 13' 47" E
577813	1994-11-12 13:48 — 1994-12-26 20:05	53° 58' 30" N 0° 25' 16" E
577862	1994-11-07 14:56 — 1994-12-10 00:47	53° 34' 4" N 0° 3' 25" E
577917	1994-11-09 09:53 — 1995-01-14 05:20	53° 42' 37" N 0° 4' 41" E
578030	1994-11-09 17:19 — 1995-01-16 19:14	53° 47' 31" N 0° 3' 30" E

Discrete samples

113 CTD frame plus rosette sampler

Transmittance and attenuance of the water column
Particulate metal concentrations in the water column
Salinity of the water column
Temperature of the water column
Concentration of suspended particulate material in the water column
Carbon concentrations in suspended particulate material
Nitrogen concentrations in suspended particulate material
Visible waveband radiance and irradiance measurements in the water column
Density of the water column
Phaeopigment concentrations in the water column
Metadata parameters
Chlorophyll pigment concentrations in water bodies
Dissolved metal concentrations in the water column

10 Day grab

8 Instrument mooring

112 LASENTECH Particle Sizing Profiler

Metadata parameters
Suspended particulate material grain size parameters
Sediment grain size parameters

19 Sample taken from ship's non-toxic supply

Particulate metal concentrations in the water column
Salinity of the water column
Concentration of suspended particulate material in the water column
Carbon concentrations in suspended particulate material
Nitrogen concentrations in suspended particulate material
Metadata parameters

33 Settling velocity tube

2 Surface water sample collected by a bucket on a rope

Particulate metal concentrations in the water column
Concentration of suspended particulate material in the water column
Metadata parameters

Resources

RRS Challenger CH115C

Cruise summary report

Quick links

BODC holdings

EDMED