Resources

RRS James Clark Ross JR20130713 (JR288)

Cruise summary report

Cruise Info. 
Ship name (ship code)RRS James Clark Ross (74JC)
Cruise identifierJR20130713 (JR288)
Cruise period2013-07-13 — 2013-08-16
StatusCompleted
Port of departureImmingham, United Kingdom
Port of returnDundee, United Kingdom
PurposeResearch
ObjectivesThe cruise took place as part of the larger NERC funded consortium project called Aerosol-Cloud Coupling And Climate Interactions in the Arctic (ACCACIA). The overarching objective of the project is to reduce uncertainty in the representation of Arctic cloud and aerosol processes in climate models. Airborne measurements of aerosol and cloud properties were made concurrent with cruise JR288, using the BAS Twin Otter aircraft (MASIN) operating out of Svalbard. The campaign is the second of two to take place in the study area as part of the ACCACIA project; the first took place in March 2013 on board the ship RV Lance and the BAS MASIN and FAAM BAe146 aircraft.

Stations were occupied in open water and within the ice edge (mainly small floes). At each station, the following activities typically took place:
1. Shallow CTD cast to sample the upper water column for analysis and use in ship-board experiments
2. Deployment of sea-surface microlayer sampling boat
3. Bongo nets for copepod collection
3. VMP deployment
4. Deep CTD cast to profile the full water column

Additional sampling from the pumped underway seawater supply also took place, and extra deployments of the VMP profiler were made between selected stations. Atmospheric measurements were made continuously, or semi-continuously.

Within ACCACIA, the aims of the research cruise were to make surface based in-situ measurements of marine aerosol composition and properties, and aerosol precursor gases (DMS, VOCs, halocarbons). Trace gases were measured in air and water, and high volume aerosol samples were collected for off-line characterisation of organic composition. Ambient aerosol measurements and bubble tank experiments were conducted to characterise aerosol physical and chemical properties using a suite of instrumentation by the Manchester group. Together with black carbon/soot optical measurements and CCN measurements made as function of particle size and super-saturation, these will be used as input in cloud microphysical models to investigate their influence on aerosol-cloud feedback sensitivity whereas bubble tank results will be used to develop a primary multicomponent sea-spray aerosol flux parameterisation.
Chief scientistLucy J Carpenter (University of York Department of Chemistry), Rosie Chance (University of York Department of Chemistry)
Cruise reportRRS James Clark Ross JR20130713 (JR288) cruise report jr288.pdf (2.41 MB) 
Ocean/sea areas 
GeneralGreenland Sea
Arctic Ocean
Track chartsRRS James Clark Ross JR20130713 (JR288) cruise track — jr288trk.pdf (0.46 MB) 
Measurements 
Physical oceanography 
Surface measurements underway (T,S)Quantity: activity duration in days = 35
Description: Seawater measurements on pumped underway supply: temperature, chlorophyll-a, salinity, transmissivity, conductivity, sound velocity. Equipment maintained and data archived by +British Antarctic Survey (BAS).
Surface measurements underway (T,S)Quantity: number of samples = 21
Description: Day-integrated, size resolved aerosol samples taken using a compact cascade impactor (CCI) for offline analysis for soluble ions
Water bottle stationsQuantity: number of profiles = 45
CTD stationsQuantity: number of profiles = 45
CTD stationsQuantity: number of profiles = 234
Description: Rockland Scientific VMP 500 vertical microstructure profiler measuring microstructure shear temperature and conductivity up to a maximum depth of 500m.
Other physical oceanographic measurementsQuantity: number of samples = 22
Description: Bubble tank aerosol production (from near-surface CTD samples), measured as number-size distributions (TSI 3080 SMPS)
Chemical oceanography 
Other dissolved gasesQuantity: number of samples = 168
Description: Trace gas (DMS, halocarbons, terpenes) in seawater; measurements by purge and trap gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; discrete water samples from 8 depths (typically between 80 and surface) collected using Niskin bottles during CTD casts.
Other dissolved gasesQuantity: number of samples = 600
Description: Trace gas (DMS, halocarbons, terpenes) in surface seawater; (pumped underway supply) measurements by purge and trap gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; sampling over 20 minute intervals approximately once per 60 minutes while ship underway and pumped seawater supply on.
PhosphateQuantity: number of profiles = 23
Description: Triplicate non toxic seawater samples at each location, filtered across GF/F and frozen at -20C.
PhosphateQuantity: number of samples = 43
Description: Triplicate non toxic seawater samples at each location, filtered across GF/F and frozen at -20C.
NitrateQuantity: number of profiles = 23
Description: Triplicate non toxic seawater samples at each location, filtered across GF/F and frozen at -20C.
NitrateQuantity: number of samples = 43
Description: Triplicate non toxic seawater samples at each location, filtered across GF/F and frozen at -20C.
AmmoniaQuantity: number of samples = 43
Description: Triplicate non toxic seawater samples at each location, filtered across GF/F and frozen at -20C.
AmmoniaQuantity: number of profiles = 23
Description: Triplicate non toxic seawater samples at each location, filtered across GF/F and frozen at -20C.
SilicateQuantity: number of profiles = 23
Description: Triplicate non toxic seawater samples at each location, filtered across GF/F and frozen at -20C.
SilicateQuantity: number of samples = 43
Description: Triplicate non toxic seawater samples at each location, filtered across GF/F and frozen at -20C.
Other chemical oceanographic measurementsQuantity: number of experiments = 9
Description: Nine 24 hour dilution experiments were run to determine microzooplankton and copepod grazing rates. Phytoplankton, bacteria, heterotrophic nanoflagellates and microzooplankton abundance was enumerated. Chlorophyll samples were taken at the beginning and end of dilution incubations. DMS and DMSP concentrations where quantified during dilution experiments. All data was collected from CTD water taken from the chlorophyll maxima.
Other chemical oceanographic measurementsQuantity: number of deployments = 16
Description: Sea surface microlayer sampled, stored and analysed for ice nuclei at 16 locations (CTD stops 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 12.5, 13, 16, 17, 17.5, 18, 19). Cytometry performed on samples + other chemical analysis.
Other chemical oceanographic measurementsQuantity: number of samples = 176
Description: Seawater samples for DMSPt determination by purge and trap gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; discrete water samples from 8 depths (typically between 80 and surface) collected using Niskin bottles during CTD casts
Biology and fisheries 
Primary productivityQuantity: number of samples = 179
Description: Seawater samples for determination of variable fluorescence (Fv/Fm) using a Chelsea FASTracka II fluorometer with FASTAct system.
Primary productivityQuantity: number of samples = 60
Description: Seawater samples collected for Rapid Light Curve experiments using a Chelsea FASTracka II fluorometer with FASTAct system.
Primary productivityQuantity: number of samples = 50
Description: Seawater samples collected for 14C-based photosynthesis irradiance experiments using a linear, temperature-controlled incubator.
Phytoplankton pigs (eg chlorophyll, fluorescence)Quantity: number of experiments = 9
Description: Nine 24 hour dilution experiments were run to determine microzooplankton and copepod grazing rates. Phytoplankton, bacteria, heterotrophic nanoflagellates and microzooplankton abundance was enumerated. Chlorophyll samples were taken at the beginning and end of dilution incubations. DMS and DMSP concentrations where quantified during dilution experiments. All data was collected from CTD water taken from the chlorophyll maxima.
Phytoplankton pigs (eg chlorophyll, fluorescence)Quantity: number of profiles = 23
Description: Size fractionated chlorophyll a (0.2-2, 2-20, >20µm) at the surface and chlorophyll a max in triplicate GF/F at surface and chlorophyll a max in triplicate GF at other depths, one filter at each Note: sometimes the surface and chlorophyll a max were at the same depth so only one set of size-fractionated data may have been collected.
Phytoplankton pigs (eg chlorophyll, fluorescence)Quantity: number of samples = 179
Description: Seawater filtered onto GF/F filters for determination of phytoplankton marker pigments and chlorophyll concentration.
Phytoplankton pigs (eg chlorophyll, fluorescence)Quantity: number of samples = 43
Description: Non toxic seawater supply. Size fractionated chlorophyll a (0.2-2, 2-20, >20µm) at the surface and chlorophyll a max in triplicate.
Dissolved organic matter (inc DOC)Quantity: number of samples = 35
Description: Dissolved organic matter samples extracted from surface seawater or sea surface microlayer for characterisation of organic content by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry ; samples collected with Niskin bottles during CTD casts, or using rolling drum microlayer sampling boat.
Biochemical measurements (eg lipids, amino acids)Quantity: number of experiments = 22
Description: Size fractionated haloperoxidase assay (0.2-2, 2-20, >20µm) in triplicate on samples collected from the CTD (depth of maximum biomass) and some underway samples.
PhytoplanktonQuantity: number of experiments = 9
Description: Nine 24 hour dilution experiments were run to determine microzooplankton and copepod grazing rates. Phytoplankton, bacteria, heterotrophic nanoflagellates and microzooplankton abundance was enumerated. Chlorophyll samples were taken at the beginning and end of dilution incubations. DMS and DMSP concentrations where quantified during dilution experiments. All data was collected from CTD water taken from the chlorophyll maxima.
ZooplanktonQuantity: number of hauls = 20
Description: Bongo net hauls were taken at a range of stations to collect copepods for dilution experiments (below).
ZooplanktonQuantity: number of experiments = 9
Description: Nine 24 hour dilution experiments were run to determine microzooplankton and copepod grazing rates. Phytoplankton, bacteria, heterotrophic nanoflagellates and microzooplankton abundance was enumerated. Chlorophyll samples were taken at the beginning and end of dilution incubations. DMS and DMSP concentrations where quantified during dilution experiments. All data was collected from CTD water taken from the chlorophyll maxima.
Pelagic bacteria/micro-organismsQuantity: number of experiments = 9
Description: Nine 24 hour dilution experiments were run to determine microzooplankton and copepod grazing rates. Phytoplankton, bacteria, heterotrophic nanoflagellates and microzooplankton abundance was enumerated. Chlorophyll samples were taken at the beginning and end of dilution incubations. DMS and DMSP concentrations where quantified during dilution experiments. All data was collected from CTD water taken from the chlorophyll maxima.
Pelagic bacteria/micro-organismsQuantity: number of samples = 179
Description: Preserved seawater samples (2mL) for determination of picophytoplankton abundance using flow cytometry.
Other biological/fisheries measurementQuantity: number of samples = 179
Description: Seawater filtered onto GF/F filters for determination of light absorption by marine particles.
Meteorology 
Routine standard measurementsQuantity: activity duration in days = 34
Description: Temperature and relative humidity (Rotronic Hygroclip)
Routine standard measurementsQuantity: activity duration in days = 35
Description: Meteorological measurements: ship position, heading and speed, wind direction and speed, air temperature, humidity, air pressure, PAR, total irradiance. Equipment maintained and data archived by +British Antarctic Survey (BAS).
Atmospheric chemistryQuantity: number of samples = 1200
Description: Trace gas (DMS, halocarbons, terpenes) in air; measurements by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; semi-continuous sampling (20 minutes sampling per data point) using air intake line mounted on meteorology platform.
Atmospheric chemistryQuantity: activity duration in days = 33
Description: Optical equivalent aerosol black carbon concentration (Thermo MAAP)
Atmospheric chemistryQuantity: activity duration in days = 33
Description: Aerosol number-size distributions by optical particle counting (GRIMM 1.108)
Atmospheric chemistryQuantity: activity duration in days = 31
Description: Aerosol number-size distributions by differential mobility analysis (DMPS)
Atmospheric chemistryQuantity: activity duration in days = 29
Description: Aerosol hygroscopic growth factor spectra (HTDMA)
Atmospheric chemistryQuantity: activity duration in days = 31
Description: Size-resolved aerosol cloud condensation nuclei (DMT CCN)
Atmospheric chemistryQuantity: activity duration in days = 33
Description: Aerosol composition by online mass spectrometry (Aerodyne HR-TOF-AMS)
Atmospheric chemistryQuantity: number of samples = 28
Description: High volume aerosol samples for characterisation of organic content by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; collected using Ecotech HiVol 3000 air sampler controlled according to wind direction to avoid sampling stack emissions.
Atmospheric chemistryQuantity: activity duration in days = 33
Description: Single particle aerosol black carbon mass (DMT SP2)
Atmospheric chemistryQuantity: activity duration in days = 33
Description: Aerosol number concentration (TSI 3776 CPC)
Other meteorological measurementsQuantity: number of samples = 11
Description: Aerosol collected on PTFE air filters at CTD stops 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12.5, 13,17,19. 3 filters collected per stop (differing flow rates). To be analysed for the presence of ice nuclei.
Other meteorological measurementsQuantity: activity duration in days = 34
Description: 3D apparent wind vector (Metek sonic anenometer)
Data held at BODC Get data
Series/Profiles 
45  CTD/STD cast
Reference numbers
Transmittance and attenuance of the water column
Date and time
Salinity of the water column
Temperature of the water column
Vertical spatial coordinates
Dissolved oxygen parameters in the water column
Visible waveband radiance and irradiance measurements in the water column
Raw oxygen sensor output
Density of the water column
Electrical conductivity of the water column
Chlorophyll pigment concentrations in water bodies
Reference numbers
Transmittance and attenuance of the water column
Date and time
Salinity of the water column
Temperature of the water column
Vertical spatial coordinates
Dissolved oxygen parameters in the water column
Visible waveband radiance and irradiance measurements in the water column
Raw oxygen sensor output
Density of the water column
Electrical conductivity of the water column
Chlorophyll pigment concentrations in water bodies

BODC idDate/TimeLocationDoc.
17460272013-07-18 07:20:52  — 2013-07-18 07:25:30 68° 3' 11" N  17° 41' 44" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746027
17460402013-07-19 07:27:06  — 2013-07-19 07:31:13 70° 13' 29" N  20° 41' 42" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746040
17461442013-07-24 07:17:58  — 2013-07-24 07:21:21 75° 2' 57" N  8° 43' 29" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746144
17461562013-07-24 11:46:57  — 2013-07-24 12:42:51 75° 3' 10" N  8° 48' 20" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746156
17461812013-07-25 14:16:53  — 2013-07-25 14:21:47 76° 29' 29" N  15° 31' 4" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746181
17462122013-07-27 07:56:59  — 2013-07-27 08:00:59 77° 57' 22" N  7° 4' 19" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746212
17462732013-07-30 07:16:26  — 2013-07-30 07:21:18 77° 26' 33" N  3° 26' 7" E  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746273
17463042013-08-01 07:17:06  — 2013-08-01 07:31:04 78° 31' 56" N  5° 22' 37" E  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746304
17464702013-08-08 10:25:34  — 2013-08-08 10:38:38 75° 30' 7" N  18° 39' 31" E  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746470
17460882013-07-21 14:04:38  — 2013-07-21 14:09:54 71° 47' 16" N  20° 8' 37" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746088
17461322013-07-23 13:34:49  — 2013-07-23 13:43:26 74° 48' 49" N  17° 35' 3" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746132
17461932013-07-26 07:22:07  — 2013-07-26 07:25:45 76° 16' 10" N  5° 18' 32" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746193
17462482013-07-29 07:34:53  — 2013-07-29 07:54:51 77° 27' 13" N  5° 13' 3" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746248
17463902013-08-04 20:10:52  — 2013-08-04 20:29:42 83° 8' 30" N  29° 26' 45" E  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746390
17464212013-08-05 07:15:36  — 2013-08-05 07:30:43 82° 40' 59" N  26° 7' 41" E  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746421
17464942013-08-09 13:06:29  — 2013-08-09 14:38:12 76° 45' 19" N  9° 21' 43" E  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746494
17462362013-07-28 07:25:37  — 2013-07-28 07:31:23 78° 53' 39" N  7° 1' 59" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746236
17463412013-08-02 12:04:25  — 2013-08-02 12:38:14 80° 36' 44" N  10° 46' 11" E  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746341
17463532013-08-03 07:23:04  — 2013-08-03 07:40:24 81° 8' 0" N  24° 7' 27" E  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746353
17460032013-07-16 07:35:40  — 2013-07-16 07:40:36 63° 17' 59" N  6° 29' 10" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746003
17460762013-07-21 07:13:51  — 2013-07-21 07:17:22 71° 53' 41" N  20° 18' 20" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746076
17461072013-07-22 07:17:32  — 2013-07-22 07:20:52 73° 6' 20" N  13° 6' 7" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746107
17461682013-07-25 07:34:04  — 2013-07-25 07:37:42 76° 31' 54" N  15° 31' 20" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746168
17462972013-07-30 21:22:46  — 2013-07-30 21:57:45 77° 50' 19" N  9° 30' 18" E  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746297
17463652013-08-03 14:12:13  — 2013-08-03 14:29:43 81° 8' 3" N  23° 56' 38" E  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746365
17464572013-08-07 07:14:58  — 2013-08-07 07:22:40 78° 39' 54" N  23° 29' 55" E  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746457
17462852013-07-30 10:05:45  — 2013-07-30 10:23:43 77° 25' 26" N  3° 26' 23" E  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746285
17463772013-08-04 07:13:21  — 2013-08-04 07:39:39 83° 18' 37" N  33° 43' 52" E  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746377
17463892013-08-04 11:39:43  — 2013-08-04 14:00:13 83° 19' 26" N  33° 43' 58" E  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746389
17460522013-07-20 07:29:49  — 2013-07-20 07:33:43 70° 14' 4" N  14° 35' 17" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746052
17463282013-08-02 07:14:47  — 2013-08-02 07:38:32 80° 35' 1" N  10° 47' 6" E  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746328
17464822013-08-09 10:05:35  — 2013-08-09 10:19:33 76° 44' 47" N  9° 22' 19" E  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746482
17460392013-07-18 14:14:40  — 2013-07-18 14:35:13 68° 3' 12" N  17° 35' 46" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746039
17462242013-07-27 14:06:24  — 2013-07-27 14:14:54 77° 58' 52" N  7° 10' 11" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746224
17462612013-07-29 23:05  — 2013-07-29 23:23:30 77° 15' 50" N  1° 37' 40" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746261
17463162013-08-01 11:34:42  — 2013-08-01 13:00:39 78° 32' 50" N  5° 24' 15" E  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746316
17464082013-08-04 22:35:19  — 2013-08-04 23:46:49 83° 8' 37" N  29° 25' 42" E  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746408
17460152013-07-16 14:20:02  — 2013-07-16 14:48:37 63° 15' 31" N  6° 31' 45" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746015
17460642013-07-20 14:09:50  — 2013-07-20 14:28:53 70° 14' 29" N  14° 42' 20" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746064
17461192013-07-22 14:28:27  — 2013-07-22 15:13:47 73° 6' 39" N  13° 14' 25" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746119
17461202013-07-23 07:14:46  — 2013-07-23 07:18:42 74° 48' 36" N  17° 36' 6" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746120
17462002013-07-26 12:05:34  — 2013-07-26 12:49:53 76° 14' 10" N  5° 25' 41" W  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746200
17464332013-08-05 10:21:22  — 2013-08-05 12:52:31 82° 39' 59" N  26° 6' 10" E  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746433
17464452013-08-06 07:15:38  — 2013-08-06 07:34:24 81° 0' 0" N  34° 49' 55" E  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746445
17464692013-08-08 07:12:48  — 2013-08-08 07:15:09 75° 31' 59" N  18° 40' 4" E  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1746469
1  Meteorological data logger
Visible waveband radiance and irradiance measurements in the atmosphere
Horizontal spatial co-ordinates
Air pressure
Date and time
Air temperature
Wind strength and direction
Solar Radiation
Atmospheric humidity
Visible waveband radiance and irradiance measurements in the atmosphere
Horizontal spatial co-ordinates
Air pressure
Date and time
Air temperature
Wind strength and direction
Solar Radiation
Atmospheric humidity

BODC idDate/TimeLocationDoc.
17612822013-07-13 10:31  — 2013-08-16 10:35 53° 32' 32" N  20° 42' 1" W — 83° 19' 26" N  34° 50' 9" E  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1761282
1  Multiple instrument types
Horizontal spatial co-ordinates
Transmittance and attenuance of the water column
Date and time
Salinity of the water column
Temperature of the water column
Metadata parameters
Electrical conductivity of the water column
Chlorophyll pigment concentrations in water bodies
Horizontal spatial co-ordinates
Transmittance and attenuance of the water column
Date and time
Salinity of the water column
Temperature of the water column
Metadata parameters
Electrical conductivity of the water column
Chlorophyll pigment concentrations in water bodies

BODC idDate/TimeLocationDoc.
17612942013-07-13 10:31  — 2013-08-16 10:35 53° 32' 32" N  20° 42' 1" W — 83° 19' 26" N  34° 50' 9" E  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1761294
1  Single-beam echosounder
Horizontal spatial co-ordinates
Date and time
Platform or instrument orientation
Horizontal platform movement
Bathymetry and Elevation
Horizontal spatial co-ordinates
Date and time
Platform or instrument orientation
Horizontal platform movement
Bathymetry and Elevation

BODC idDate/TimeLocationDoc.
17612702013-07-13 10:31  — 2013-08-16 10:35 53° 32' 32" N  20° 42' 1" W — 83° 19' 26" N  34° 50' 9" E  View metadata report for BODC series reference number 1761270
Discrete samples 
2566  Atmospheric air sampling pumpSulphur species concentrations in the atmosphere
Concentration of other hydrocarbons in the atmosphere
Concentration of inorganic halogens in the atmosphere
45  CTD frame plus rosette samplerConcentration of other hydrocarbons in the water column
Organosulphur and organoselenium species concentration parameters in water bodies
Phosphate concentration parameters in the water column
Silicate concentration parameters in the water column
Other halocarbon concentrations in water bodies
Nitrate concentration parameters in the water column
Chlorophyll pigment concentrations in water bodies
721  Sample taken from ship's non-toxic supplyConcentration of other hydrocarbons in the water column
Organosulphur and organoselenium species concentration parameters in water bodies
Phosphate concentration parameters in the water column
Silicate concentration parameters in the water column
Other halocarbon concentrations in water bodies
Nitrate concentration parameters in the water column
Chlorophyll pigment concentrations in water bodies