RRS Discovery DY098
Cruise summary report
| Cruise Info. | |
| Ship name (ship code) | RRS Discovery (74EQ) |
| Cruise identifier | DY098 |
| Cruise period | 2019-01-02 — 2019-02-10 |
| Status | Completed |
| Port of departure | Stanley, Falkland Islands (Malvinas) |
| Port of return | Stanley, Falkland Islands (Malvinas) |
| Purpose | Research |
| Objectives | POETS - WCB survey
1. Acoustic survey during daylight hours using multi-frequency (38, 70, 120 & 200 kHz) Simrad EK60 echosounder. Two transects to be run each day during a four day period. 2. Regular deployments of XBTs (Expendable bathythermographs) along transects during day. 3. Deployment of the CTD at minimum of two stations per night during survey. 4. Continuous operation of underway data logging system (bathymetry, location, sea surface temperature, sea currents, etc.). 5. Net sampling (RMT8 and other zooplankton/micronekton nets) at night-time stations plus target fishing during both night and day to ground-truth acoustic data. 6. Acoustic calibration using standard sphere techniques will be undertaken in one of the deep-water harbours on the North coast of South Georgia (Stromness Harbour is the preferred location). 7. Recover WCB mooring. Download data, refurbish and replace batteries. Redeploy mooring. POETS - SCOOBIES (SCotia sea Open-Ocean BIological laboratoriES) Mooring recovery, refurbishment and redeployment 1. Recover two deep-water moorings (SW and NW of South Georgia). Download data, refurbish and replace batteries. Redeploy moorings during cruise. 2. Net sampling (RMT8, MOCNESS and other zooplankton nets) over 24 hour periods at mooring stations. 2019 Large Scale krill survey 1. Acoustic survey during daylight hours using multi-frequency (38, 70, 120 & 200 kHz) Simrad EK60 echosounder. Two transects to be run each day during a four day period. 2. Deployment of the CTD at two stations per 24 hour period during survey. 3. Continuous operation of underway data logging system (bathymetry, location, sea surface temperature, sea currents, etc.). 4. Net sampling (RMT8 and other zooplankton/micronekton nets) at two stations per 24 hour period plus occasional target fishing during to ground-truth acoustic data. |
| Chief scientist | Sophie Fielding (British Antarctic Survey) |
| Cruise report |  (6.17 MB) |
| Ocean/sea areas | |
| General | Southern Ocean |
| Specific | Scotia Sea |
| Track charts | (0.09 MB) |
| Measurements | |
| Physical oceanography | |
| Surface measurements underway (T,S) | Quantity: activity duration in days = 42 Description: Underway temperature, salinity, fluorescence, air temperature, wind speed |
| Bathythermograph | Quantity: number of profiles = 10 Description: Expendable bathythermograph (XBT) |
| Water bottle stations | Quantity: number of deployments = 33 Description: Conductivity-temperature-depth casts recording conductivity, temperature, depth, fluorescence, PAR, lowered ADCP. Discrete Niskin bottle samples for analysis of chlorophyll a concentration, phytoplankton species (lugols samples), Particulate Organic Matter (POM), Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC), High Molecular Weight Dissolved Organic Matter (H-DOM) and phytoplankton DNA |
| CTD stations | Quantity: number of deployments = 33 Description: Conductivity-temperature-depth casts recording conductivity, temperature, depth, fluorescence, PAR, lowered ADCP. Discrete Niskin bottle samples for analysis of chlorophyll a concentration, phytoplankton species (lugols samples), Particulate Organic Matter (POM), Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC), High Molecular Weight Dissolved Organic Matter (H-DOM) and phytoplankton DNA |
| Optics (eg underwater light levels) | Quantity: number of deployments = 33 Description: Conductivity-temperature-depth casts recording conductivity, temperature, depth, fluorescence, PAR, lowered ADCP. Discrete Niskin bottle samples for analysis of chlorophyll a concentration, phytoplankton species (lugols samples), Particulate Organic Matter (POM), Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC), High Molecular Weight Dissolved Organic Matter (H-DOM) and phytoplankton DNA |
| Current profiler (eg ADCP) | Quantity: activity duration in days = 42 Description: Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler measurements 75 kHz |
| Current profiler (eg ADCP) | Quantity: number of deployments = 33 Description: Conductivity-temperature-depth casts recording conductivity, temperature, depth, fluorescence, PAR, lowered ADCP. Discrete Niskin bottle samples for analysis of chlorophyll a concentration, phytoplankton species (lugols samples), Particulate Organic Matter (POM), Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC), High Molecular Weight Dissolved Organic Matter (H-DOM) and phytoplankton DNA |
| Chemical oceanography | |
| Isotopes | Quantity: number of deployments = 33 Description: Conductivity-temperature-depth casts recording conductivity, temperature, depth, fluorescence, PAR, lowered ADCP. Discrete Niskin bottle samples for analysis of chlorophyll a concentration, phytoplankton species (lugols samples), Particulate Organic Matter (POM), Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC), High Molecular Weight Dissolved Organic Matter (H-DOM) and phytoplankton DNA |
| Isotopes | Quantity: number of samples = 37 Description: Underway water samples for Particulate Organic Matter (POM), Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) and High Molecular Weight Dissolved Organic Matter (H-DOM) |
| Isotopes | Quantity: number of deployments = 22 Description: Rectangular Midwater Trawl 8+1 (RMT8+1) opening and closing nets (8m and 1m2), mesh sizes 5mm and 300µm. Two nets per size each event. Targeted hauls for Antarctic krill and oblique trawls for zooplankton samples. Mesozooplankton samples were preserved. Macrozooplankton samples were preserved, also incubation experiments (temperature, acidification, mercury, nanoplastic effects on reproduction success), length frequency and stable isotope analysis |
| Isotopes | Quantity: number of deployments = 19 Description: Rectangular Midwater Trawl 8 (RMT8) opening and closing nets (8m), mesh size 5mm. Two nets each event. Targeted hauls for Antarctic krill and oblique trawls for zooplankton samples. Macrozooplankton sampling, incubation experiments (temperature, acidification, mercury, nanoplastic effects on reproduction success), length frequency and stable isotope analysis |
| Contamination | |
| Contaminants in organisms | Quantity: number of deployments = 5 Description: Floating Sediment Trap. Samples were preserved to be analysed for Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) and nano and microplastics |
| Contaminants in organisms | Quantity: number of deployments = 11 Description: Neuston Modified (NEMO) net, mesh sizes 300µm inside a 100µm. Samples were preserved to be analysed for microplastics |
| Other contaminant measurements | Quantity: number of deployments = 5 Description: Floating Sediment Trap. Samples were preserved to be analysed for Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) and nano and microplastics |
| Other contaminant measurements | Quantity: number of deployments = 11 Description: Neuston Modified (NEMO) net, mesh sizes 300µm inside a 100µm. Samples were preserved to be analysed for microplastics |
| Biology and fisheries | |
| Phytoplankton pigs (eg chlorophyll, fluorescence) | Quantity: number of deployments = 33 Description: Conductivity-temperature-depth casts recording conductivity, temperature, depth, fluorescence, PAR, lowered ADCP. Discrete Niskin bottle samples for analysis of chlorophyll a concentration, phytoplankton species (lugols samples), Particulate Organic Matter (POM), Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC), High Molecular Weight Dissolved Organic Matter (H-DOM) and phytoplankton DNA |
| Particulate organic matter (inc POC, PON) | Quantity: number of deployments = 33 Description: Conductivity-temperature-depth casts recording conductivity, temperature, depth, fluorescence, PAR, lowered ADCP. Discrete Niskin bottle samples for analysis of chlorophyll a concentration, phytoplankton species (lugols samples), Particulate Organic Matter (POM), Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC), High Molecular Weight Dissolved Organic Matter (H-DOM) and phytoplankton DNA |
| Particulate organic matter (inc POC, PON) | Quantity: number of samples = 37 Description: Underway water samples for Particulate Organic Matter (POM), Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) and High Molecular Weight Dissolved Organic Matter (H-DOM) |
| Dissolved organic matter (inc DOC) | Quantity: number of deployments = 33 Description: Conductivity-temperature-depth casts recording conductivity, temperature, depth, fluorescence, PAR, lowered ADCP. Discrete Niskin bottle samples for analysis of chlorophyll a concentration, phytoplankton species (lugols samples), Particulate Organic Matter (POM), Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC), High Molecular Weight Dissolved Organic Matter (H-DOM) and phytoplankton DNA |
| Dissolved organic matter (inc DOC) | Quantity: number of samples = 37 Description: Underway water samples for Particulate Organic Matter (POM), Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) and High Molecular Weight Dissolved Organic Matter (H-DOM) |
| Dissolved organic matter (inc DOC) | Quantity: number of deployments = 5 Description: Floating Sediment Trap. Samples were preserved to be analysed for Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) and nano and microplastics |
| Sediment traps | Quantity: number of deployments = 5 Description: Floating Sediment Trap. Samples were preserved to be analysed for Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) and nano and microplastics |
| Phytoplankton | Quantity: number of deployments = 28 Description: Bongo net, mesh sizes 100µm and 200µm. Samples were preserved to be analysed for phytoplankton and zooplankton diversity. Also macrozooplankton incubation experiments (temperature, acidification and nanoplastic effects on reproduction success) |
| Phytoplankton | Quantity: number of deployments = 33 Description: Conductivity-temperature-depth casts recording conductivity, temperature, depth, fluorescence, PAR, lowered ADCP. Discrete Niskin bottle samples for analysis of chlorophyll a concentration, phytoplankton species (lugols samples), Particulate Organic Matter (POM), Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC), High Molecular Weight Dissolved Organic Matter (H-DOM) and phytoplankton DNA |
| Phytoplankton | Quantity: number of samples = 8 Description: Underway water samples for phytoplankton DNA |
| Zooplankton | Quantity: number of deployments = 22 Description: Rectangular Midwater Trawl 8+1 (RMT8+1) opening and closing nets (8m and 1m2), mesh sizes 5mm and 300µm. Two nets per size each event. Targeted hauls for Antarctic krill and oblique trawls for zooplankton samples. Mesozooplankton samples were preserved. Macrozooplankton samples were preserved, also incubation experiments (temperature, acidification, mercury, nanoplastic effects on reproduction success), length frequency and stable isotope analysis |
| Zooplankton | Quantity: number of deployments = 28 Description: Bongo net, mesh sizes 100µm and 200µm. Samples were preserved to be analysed for phytoplankton and zooplankton diversity. Also macrozooplankton incubation experiments (temperature, acidification and nanoplastic effects on reproduction success) |
| Zooplankton | Quantity: number of samples = 46 Description: Underway water samples for plankton, mesh sizes 200µm and 63µm. |
| Zooplankton | Quantity: number of deployments = 19 Description: Rectangular Midwater Trawl 8 (RMT8) opening and closing nets (8m), mesh size 5mm. Two nets each event. Targeted hauls for Antarctic krill and oblique trawls for zooplankton samples. Macrozooplankton sampling, incubation experiments (temperature, acidification, mercury, nanoplastic effects on reproduction success), length frequency and stable isotope analysis |
| Nekton | Quantity: number of deployments = 19 Description: Rectangular Midwater Trawl 8 (RMT8) opening and closing nets (8m), mesh size 5mm. Two nets each event. Targeted hauls for Antarctic krill and oblique trawls for zooplankton samples. Macrozooplankton sampling, incubation experiments (temperature, acidification, mercury, nanoplastic effects on reproduction success), length frequency and stable isotope analysis |
| Nekton | Quantity: number of deployments = 22 Description: Rectangular Midwater Trawl 8+1 (RMT8+1) opening and closing nets (8m and 1m2), mesh sizes 5mm and 300µm. Two nets per size each event. Targeted hauls for Antarctic krill and oblique trawls for zooplankton samples. Mesozooplankton samples were preserved. Macrozooplankton samples were preserved, also incubation experiments (temperature, acidification, mercury, nanoplastic effects on reproduction success), length frequency and stable isotope analysis |
| Eggs and larvae | Quantity: number of deployments = 19 Description: Rectangular Midwater Trawl 8 (RMT8) opening and closing nets (8m), mesh size 5mm. Two nets each event. Targeted hauls for Antarctic krill and oblique trawls for zooplankton samples. Macrozooplankton sampling, incubation experiments (temperature, acidification, mercury, nanoplastic effects on reproduction success), length frequency and stable isotope analysis |
| Eggs and larvae | Quantity: number of deployments = 22 Description: Rectangular Midwater Trawl 8+1 (RMT8+1) opening and closing nets (8m and 1m2), mesh sizes 5mm and 300µm. Two nets per size each event. Targeted hauls for Antarctic krill and oblique trawls for zooplankton samples. Mesozooplankton samples were preserved. Macrozooplankton samples were preserved, also incubation experiments (temperature, acidification, mercury, nanoplastic effects on reproduction success), length frequency and stable isotope analysis |
| Mammals and reptiles | Quantity: activity duration in days = 42 Description: Marine mammal (whale) observations were taken during all periods on passage/transect |
| Pelagic fish | Quantity: number of deployments = 19 Description: Rectangular Midwater Trawl 8 (RMT8) opening and closing nets (8m), mesh size 5mm. Two nets each event. Targeted hauls for Antarctic krill and oblique trawls for zooplankton samples. Macrozooplankton sampling, incubation experiments (temperature, acidification, mercury, nanoplastic effects on reproduction success), length frequency and stable isotope analysis |
| Pelagic fish | Quantity: number of deployments = 22 Description: Rectangular Midwater Trawl 8+1 (RMT8+1) opening and closing nets (8m and 1m2), mesh sizes 5mm and 300µm. Two nets per size each event. Targeted hauls for Antarctic krill and oblique trawls for zooplankton samples. Mesozooplankton samples were preserved. Macrozooplankton samples were preserved, also incubation experiments (temperature, acidification, mercury, nanoplastic effects on reproduction success), length frequency and stable isotope analysis |
| Acoustic reflection on marine organisms. | Quantity: activity duration in days = 42 Description: EK60 operating at 18, 38, 70, 120, 200 and 333 kHz. Calibrated at King Edward Point, South Georgia. Note problem with 18 kHz transducer |
| Moorings, landers, buoys | |
| Physical oceanography | |
| CTD stations | 52° 47' 52" S 40° 11' 43" W — Site: P3, recovered on 05/01/2019. SBE CTD (~200m and ~600m), RDI ADCP (~200m), Seaguard current meter & O2 sensor (~200m and ~600m), Sediment trap (~600m and ~2000m), SAMI pH meter, Aquamonitor, PCO2 (~200m) |
| CTD stations | 53° 47' 52" S 37° 56' 2" W — Site: WCB, deployed on 23/01/2018. SBE CTD (~200m), SonoVault acoustic listening (~250m), WBAT echosounder |
| CTD stations | 52° 47' 55" S 40° 9' 30" W — Site: P3, deployed on 12/01/2019. SBE CTD (~200m and ~600m), RDI ADCP (~200m), Sediment trap (~600m and ~2000m), SAMI pH meter, Phytoplankton sampler, PCO2 (~200m) |
| Current meters | 52° 47' 52" S 40° 11' 43" W — Site: P3, recovered on 05/01/2019. SBE CTD (~200m and ~600m), RDI ADCP (~200m), Seaguard current meter & O2 sensor (~200m and ~600m), Sediment trap (~600m and ~2000m), SAMI pH meter, Aquamonitor, PCO2 (~200m) |
| Current profiler (eg ADCP) | 52° 47' 52" S 40° 11' 43" W — Site: P3, recovered on 05/01/2019. SBE CTD (~200m and ~600m), RDI ADCP (~200m), Seaguard current meter & O2 sensor (~200m and ~600m), Sediment trap (~600m and ~2000m), SAMI pH meter, Aquamonitor, PCO2 (~200m) |
| Current profiler (eg ADCP) | 52° 47' 55" S 40° 9' 30" W — Site: P3, deployed on 12/01/2019. SBE CTD (~200m and ~600m), RDI ADCP (~200m), Sediment trap (~600m and ~2000m), SAMI pH meter, Phytoplankton sampler, PCO2 (~200m) |
| Chemical oceanography | |
| Oxygen | 52° 47' 52" S 40° 11' 43" W — Site: P3, recovered on 05/01/2019. SBE CTD (~200m and ~600m), RDI ADCP (~200m), Seaguard current meter & O2 sensor (~200m and ~600m), Sediment trap (~600m and ~2000m), SAMI pH meter, Aquamonitor, PCO2 (~200m) |
| Carbon dioxide | 52° 47' 55" S 40° 9' 30" W — Site: P3, deployed on 12/01/2019. SBE CTD (~200m and ~600m), RDI ADCP (~200m), Sediment trap (~600m and ~2000m), SAMI pH meter, Phytoplankton sampler, PCO2 (~200m) |
| Carbon dioxide | 52° 47' 52" S 40° 11' 43" W — Site: P3, recovered on 05/01/2019. SBE CTD (~200m and ~600m), RDI ADCP (~200m), Seaguard current meter & O2 sensor (~200m and ~600m), Sediment trap (~600m and ~2000m), SAMI pH meter, Aquamonitor, PCO2 (~200m) |
| pH | 52° 47' 55" S 40° 9' 30" W — Site: P3, deployed on 12/01/2019. SBE CTD (~200m and ~600m), RDI ADCP (~200m), Sediment trap (~600m and ~2000m), SAMI pH meter, Phytoplankton sampler, PCO2 (~200m) |
| pH | 52° 47' 52" S 40° 11' 43" W — Site: P3, recovered on 05/01/2019. SBE CTD (~200m and ~600m), RDI ADCP (~200m), Seaguard current meter & O2 sensor (~200m and ~600m), Sediment trap (~600m and ~2000m), SAMI pH meter, Aquamonitor, PCO2 (~200m) |
| Other chemical oceanographic measurements | 52° 47' 55" S 40° 9' 30" W — Site: P3, deployed on 12/01/2019. SBE CTD (~200m and ~600m), RDI ADCP (~200m), Sediment trap (~600m and ~2000m), SAMI pH meter, Phytoplankton sampler, PCO2 (~200m) |
| Other chemical oceanographic measurements | 52° 47' 52" S 40° 11' 43" W — Site: P3, recovered on 05/01/2019. SBE CTD (~200m and ~600m), RDI ADCP (~200m), Seaguard current meter & O2 sensor (~200m and ~600m), Sediment trap (~600m and ~2000m), SAMI pH meter, Aquamonitor, PCO2 (~200m) |
| Biology and fisheries | |
| Sediment traps | 52° 47' 55" S 40° 9' 30" W — Site: P3, deployed on 12/01/2019. SBE CTD (~200m and ~600m), RDI ADCP (~200m), Sediment trap (~600m and ~2000m), SAMI pH meter, Phytoplankton sampler, PCO2 (~200m) |
| Sediment traps | 52° 47' 52" S 40° 11' 43" W — Site: P3, recovered on 05/01/2019. SBE CTD (~200m and ~600m), RDI ADCP (~200m), Seaguard current meter & O2 sensor (~200m and ~600m), Sediment trap (~600m and ~2000m), SAMI pH meter, Aquamonitor, PCO2 (~200m) |
| Phytoplankton | 52° 47' 55" S 40° 9' 30" W — Site: P3, deployed on 12/01/2019. SBE CTD (~200m and ~600m), RDI ADCP (~200m), Sediment trap (~600m and ~2000m), SAMI pH meter, Phytoplankton sampler, PCO2 (~200m) |
| Acoustic reflection on marine organisms. | 53° 47' 52" S 37° 56' 2" W — Site: WCB, deployed on 23/01/2018. SBE CTD (~200m), SonoVault acoustic listening (~250m), WBAT echosounder |
| Other biological/fisheries measurement | 52° 47' 52" S 40° 11' 43" W — Site: P3, recovered on 05/01/2019. SBE CTD (~200m and ~600m), RDI ADCP (~200m), Seaguard current meter & O2 sensor (~200m and ~600m), Sediment trap (~600m and ~2000m), SAMI pH meter, Aquamonitor, PCO2 (~200m) |
| Other biological/fisheries measurement | 53° 47' 52" S 37° 56' 2" W — Site: WCB, deployed on 23/01/2018. SBE CTD (~200m), SonoVault acoustic listening (~250m), WBAT echosounder |
| Other biological/fisheries measurement | 52° 47' 55" S 40° 9' 30" W — Site: P3, deployed on 12/01/2019. SBE CTD (~200m and ~600m), RDI ADCP (~200m), Sediment trap (~600m and ~2000m), SAMI pH meter, Phytoplankton sampler, PCO2 (~200m) |