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RRS Discovery D228
Cruise summary report
Cruise Info. | |
Ship name (ship code) | RRS Discovery (74E3) |
Cruise identifier | D228 |
Cruise period | 1997-05-21 — 1997-06-28 |
Status | Completed |
Port of departure | Vigo, Spain |
Port of return | Vigo, Spain |
Purpose | Research |
Objectives | First of three "Amores" (EC-MAST III) cruises in 1997 to study submarine hydrothermal activity on the mid-Atlantic Ridge close to the Azores. The principal objective of this cruise was to identify/locate the source of venting to the Rainbow Hydrothermal Plume nr. 36° 15'N and investigate physical, geochemical and biological fluxes away from this vent-site to the oceans on the segment (10-20km) scale. Tasks were approached using the following equipment:
CTDs (+ or - lowered ADCP): Physical Oceanography, Geochemistry, MicroBio BRIDGET (deep-tow CTD): Physical Oceanography, Geochemistry, MicroBio In-situ Filtration (SAPs): Geochemistry, Microbio, Molec Bio RMT 1 + 8 Trawl Nets: Macrobiology, Molecular Biology |
Chief scientist | Christopher R German (Southampton Oceanography Centre) |
Project | 1) BRIDGE 2) AMORES |
Coordinating body | 1) NERC-UK 2) EC-MAST III |
Cruise report | (1.59 MB) |
Ocean/sea areas | |
General | North Atlantic Ocean |
Specific | Mid-Atlantic Ridge |
Track charts | |
Measurements | |
Physical oceanography | |
Water bottle stations | Quantity: number of deployments = 17 Description: Deep tow BRIDGET (CTD + optical sensor) tow-yos through hydrothermal plumes, sampling for inorganic + organic geochemistry plus microbiology from 12-bottle (2.5L) Rosette |
Water bottle stations | Quantity: number of profiles = 30 Description: Vertical CTD hydrocasts with optical sensors and lowered ADCP. Sampling of hydrothermal plumes for natural radioactivity, inorganic and organic geochemistry and microbiology using 12 bottle large-volume (30L) Rosette |
Water bottle stations | Quantity: number of profiles = 26 Description: Vertical CTD + optical sensor hydrocasts - sampling of hydrothermal plumes for inorganic + organic geochemistry plus microbiology using 16-bottle (8L) IFREMER Rosette |
CTD stations | Quantity: number of profiles = 26 Description: Vertical CTD + optical sensor hydrocasts - sampling of hydrothermal plumes for inorganic + organic geochemistry plus microbiology using 16-bottle (8L) IFREMER Rosette |
CTD stations | Quantity: number of deployments = 17 Description: Deep tow BRIDGET (CTD + optical sensor) tow-yos through hydrothermal plumes, sampling for inorganic + organic geochemistry plus microbiology from 12-bottle (2.5L) Rosette |
CTD stations | Quantity: number of profiles = 30 Description: Vertical CTD hydrocasts with optical sensors and lowered ADCP. Sampling of hydrothermal plumes for natural radioactivity, inorganic and organic geochemistry and microbiology using 12 bottle large-volume (30L) Rosette |
Transparency (eg transmissometer) | Quantity: number of profiles = 26 Description: Vertical CTD + optical sensor hydrocasts - sampling of hydrothermal plumes for inorganic + organic geochemistry plus microbiology using 16-bottle (8L) IFREMER Rosette |
Transparency (eg transmissometer) | Quantity: number of profiles = 30 Description: Vertical CTD hydrocasts with optical sensors and lowered ADCP. Sampling of hydrothermal plumes for natural radioactivity, inorganic and organic geochemistry and microbiology using 12 bottle large-volume (30L) Rosette |
Transparency (eg transmissometer) | Quantity: number of deployments = 17 Description: Deep tow BRIDGET (CTD + optical sensor) tow-yos through hydrothermal plumes, sampling for inorganic + organic geochemistry plus microbiology from 12-bottle (2.5L) Rosette |
Current profiler (eg ADCP) | Quantity: number of profiles = 30 Description: Vertical CTD hydrocasts with optical sensors and lowered ADCP. Sampling of hydrothermal plumes for natural radioactivity, inorganic and organic geochemistry and microbiology using 12 bottle large-volume (30L) Rosette |
Chemical oceanography | |
Oxygen | Quantity: number of deployments = 17 Description: Deep tow BRIDGET (CTD + optical sensor) tow-yos through hydrothermal plumes, sampling for inorganic + organic geochemistry plus microbiology from 12-bottle (2.5L) Rosette |
Oxygen | Quantity: number of profiles = 26 Description: Vertical CTD + optical sensor hydrocasts - sampling of hydrothermal plumes for inorganic + organic geochemistry plus microbiology using 16-bottle (8L) IFREMER Rosette |
Oxygen | Quantity: number of profiles = 30 Description: Vertical CTD hydrocasts with optical sensors and lowered ADCP. Sampling of hydrothermal plumes for natural radioactivity, inorganic and organic geochemistry and microbiology using 12 bottle large-volume (30L) Rosette |
Other dissolved gases | Quantity: number of profiles = 26 Description: Vertical CTD + optical sensor hydrocasts - sampling of hydrothermal plumes for inorganic + organic geochemistry plus microbiology using 16-bottle (8L) IFREMER Rosette |
Other dissolved gases | Quantity: number of profiles = 30 Description: Vertical CTD hydrocasts with optical sensors and lowered ADCP. Sampling of hydrothermal plumes for natural radioactivity, inorganic and organic geochemistry and microbiology using 12 bottle large-volume (30L) Rosette |
Other dissolved gases | Quantity: number of deployments = 17 Description: Deep tow BRIDGET (CTD + optical sensor) tow-yos through hydrothermal plumes, sampling for inorganic + organic geochemistry plus microbiology from 12-bottle (2.5L) Rosette |
Silicate | Quantity: number of deployments = 17 Description: Deep tow BRIDGET (CTD + optical sensor) tow-yos through hydrothermal plumes, sampling for inorganic + organic geochemistry plus microbiology from 12-bottle (2.5L) Rosette |
Silicate | Quantity: number of profiles = 26 Description: Vertical CTD + optical sensor hydrocasts - sampling of hydrothermal plumes for inorganic + organic geochemistry plus microbiology using 16-bottle (8L) IFREMER Rosette |
Silicate | Quantity: number of profiles = 30 Description: Vertical CTD hydrocasts with optical sensors and lowered ADCP. Sampling of hydrothermal plumes for natural radioactivity, inorganic and organic geochemistry and microbiology using 12 bottle large-volume (30L) Rosette |
Trace elements | Quantity: number of profiles = 30 Description: Vertical CTD hydrocasts with optical sensors and lowered ADCP. Sampling of hydrothermal plumes for natural radioactivity, inorganic and organic geochemistry and microbiology using 12 bottle large-volume (30L) Rosette |
Trace elements | Quantity: number of deployments = 17 Description: Deep tow BRIDGET (CTD + optical sensor) tow-yos through hydrothermal plumes, sampling for inorganic + organic geochemistry plus microbiology from 12-bottle (2.5L) Rosette |
Trace elements | Quantity: number of profiles = 11 Description: In-situ filtration stations collecting large volume samples of hydrothermal plume particles for natural radioactivity, inorganic and organic geochemistry, microbiology and molecular biology |
Trace elements | Quantity: number of profiles = 26 Description: Vertical CTD + optical sensor hydrocasts - sampling of hydrothermal plumes for inorganic + organic geochemistry plus microbiology using 16-bottle (8L) IFREMER Rosette |
Radioactivity | Quantity: number of profiles = 11 Description: In-situ filtration stations collecting large volume samples of hydrothermal plume particles for natural radioactivity, inorganic and organic geochemistry, microbiology and molecular biology |
Radioactivity | Quantity: number of profiles = 30 Description: Vertical CTD hydrocasts with optical sensors and lowered ADCP. Sampling of hydrothermal plumes for natural radioactivity, inorganic and organic geochemistry and microbiology using 12 bottle large-volume (30L) Rosette |
Other chemical oceanographic measurements | Quantity: number of profiles = 30 Description: Vertical CTD hydrocasts with optical sensors and lowered ADCP. Sampling of hydrothermal plumes for natural radioactivity, inorganic and organic geochemistry and microbiology using 12 bottle large-volume (30L) Rosette |
Other chemical oceanographic measurements | Quantity: number of profiles = 26 Description: Vertical CTD + optical sensor hydrocasts - sampling of hydrothermal plumes for inorganic + organic geochemistry plus microbiology using 16-bottle (8L) IFREMER Rosette |
Other chemical oceanographic measurements | Quantity: number of deployments = 17 Description: Deep tow BRIDGET (CTD + optical sensor) tow-yos through hydrothermal plumes, sampling for inorganic + organic geochemistry plus microbiology from 12-bottle (2.5L) Rosette |
Biology and fisheries | |
Biochemical measurements (eg lipids, amino acids) | Quantity: number of profiles = 26 Description: Vertical CTD + optical sensor hydrocasts - sampling of hydrothermal plumes for inorganic + organic geochemistry plus microbiology using 16-bottle (8L) IFREMER Rosette |
Biochemical measurements (eg lipids, amino acids) | Quantity: number of deployments = 17 Description: Deep tow BRIDGET (CTD + optical sensor) tow-yos through hydrothermal plumes, sampling for inorganic + organic geochemistry plus microbiology from 12-bottle (2.5L) Rosette |
Biochemical measurements (eg lipids, amino acids) | Quantity: number of profiles = 30 Description: Vertical CTD hydrocasts with optical sensors and lowered ADCP. Sampling of hydrothermal plumes for natural radioactivity, inorganic and organic geochemistry and microbiology using 12 bottle large-volume (30L) Rosette |
Biochemical measurements (eg lipids, amino acids) | Quantity: number of profiles = 11 Description: In-situ filtration stations collecting large volume samples of hydrothermal plume particles for natural radioactivity, inorganic and organic geochemistry, microbiology and molecular biology |
Pelagic bacteria/micro-organisms | Quantity: number of profiles = 26 Description: Vertical CTD + optical sensor hydrocasts - sampling of hydrothermal plumes for inorganic + organic geochemistry plus microbiology using 16-bottle (8L) IFREMER Rosette |
Pelagic bacteria/micro-organisms | Quantity: number of profiles = 30 Description: Vertical CTD hydrocasts with optical sensors and lowered ADCP. Sampling of hydrothermal plumes for natural radioactivity, inorganic and organic geochemistry and microbiology using 12 bottle large-volume (30L) Rosette |
Pelagic bacteria/micro-organisms | Quantity: number of deployments = 17 Description: Deep tow BRIDGET (CTD + optical sensor) tow-yos through hydrothermal plumes, sampling for inorganic + organic geochemistry plus microbiology from 12-bottle (2.5L) Rosette |
Pelagic bacteria/micro-organisms | Quantity: number of profiles = 11 Description: In-situ filtration stations collecting large volume samples of hydrothermal plume particles for natural radioactivity, inorganic and organic geochemistry, microbiology and molecular biology |
Pelagic fish | Quantity: number of hauls = 30 Description: 10 x 3 x (RMT 1 + 8) net trawls through mid-Atlantic Ridge Rift Valley for hydrothermal vent fauna and other pelagic fish |
Geology and geophysics | |
Other geological/geophysical measurements | Quantity: number of profiles = 11 Description: In-situ filtration stations collecting large volume samples of hydrothermal plume particles for natural radioactivity, inorganic and organic geochemistry, microbiology and molecular biology |
Moorings, landers, buoys | |
Physical oceanography | |
Transparency (eg transmissometer) | 36° 17' 11" N 33° 53' 57" W — 4 current meters at 2300m, 2100m, 1800m and 100m + release (deployed June 15 + 16 1997 - to be recovered summer of 1998) |
Transparency (eg transmissometer) | 36° 14' 39" N 33° 54' 1" W — 3 current meters at 2300m, 2100m and 1800m + an acoustic release 100m off-bottom + buoyancy - 2100m CMs are all equipped with SEATECH LSS (optical backscatter) sensors (deployed June 15 + 16 1997 - to be recovered summer of 1998) |
Transparency (eg transmissometer) | 36° 25' 24" N 33° 38' 40" W — 3 current meters at 2300m, 2100m and 1800m + an acoustic release 100m off-bottom + buoyancy - 2100m CMs are all equipped with SEATECH LSS (optical backscatter) sensors (deployed June 15 + 16 1997 - to be recovered summer of 1998) |
Transparency (eg transmissometer) | 36° 17' 17" N 33° 51' 5" W — 3 current meters at 2300m, 2100m and 1800m + an acoustic release 100m off-bottom + buoyancy - 2100m CMs are all equipped with SEATECH LSS (optical backscatter) sensors (deployed June 15 + 16 1997 - to be recovered summer of 1998) |
Transparency (eg transmissometer) | 36° 16' 33" N 33° 54' 8" W — 3 current meters at 2300m, 2100m and 1800m + an acoustic release 100m off-bottom + buoyancy - 2100m CMs are all equipped with SEATECH LSS (optical backscatter) sensors (deployed June 15 + 16 1997 - to be recovered summer of 1998) |
Transparency (eg transmissometer) | 36° 13' 35" N 33° 50' 40" W — 3 current meters at 2300m, 2100m and 1800m + an acoustic release 100m off-bottom + buoyancy - 2100m CMs are all equipped with SEATECH LSS (optical backscatter) sensors (deployed June 15 + 16 1997 - to be recovered summer of 1998) |
Transparency (eg transmissometer) | 36° 16' 15" N 33° 52' 58" W — 3 current meters at 2300m, 2100m and 1800m + an acoustic release 100m off-bottom + buoyancy - 2100m CMs are all equipped with SEATECH LSS (optical backscatter) sensors (deployed June 15 + 16 1997 - to be recovered summer of 1998) |
Transparency (eg transmissometer) | 36° 11' 49" N 33° 47' 58" W — 3 current meters at 2300m, 2100m and 1800m + an acoustic release 100m off-bottom + buoyancy - 2100m CMs are all equipped with SEATECH LSS (optical backscatter) sensors (deployed June 15 + 16 1997 - to be recovered summer of 1998) |
Current meters | 36° 11' 49" N 33° 47' 58" W — 3 current meters at 2300m, 2100m and 1800m + an acoustic release 100m off-bottom + buoyancy - 2100m CMs are all equipped with SEATECH LSS (optical backscatter) sensors (deployed June 15 + 16 1997 - to be recovered summer of 1998) |
Current meters | 36° 16' 33" N 33° 54' 8" W — 3 current meters at 2300m, 2100m and 1800m + an acoustic release 100m off-bottom + buoyancy - 2100m CMs are all equipped with SEATECH LSS (optical backscatter) sensors (deployed June 15 + 16 1997 - to be recovered summer of 1998) |
Current meters | 36° 25' 24" N 33° 38' 40" W — 3 current meters at 2300m, 2100m and 1800m + an acoustic release 100m off-bottom + buoyancy - 2100m CMs are all equipped with SEATECH LSS (optical backscatter) sensors (deployed June 15 + 16 1997 - to be recovered summer of 1998) |
Current meters | 36° 13' 35" N 33° 50' 40" W — 3 current meters at 2300m, 2100m and 1800m + an acoustic release 100m off-bottom + buoyancy - 2100m CMs are all equipped with SEATECH LSS (optical backscatter) sensors (deployed June 15 + 16 1997 - to be recovered summer of 1998) |
Current meters | 36° 14' 39" N 33° 54' 1" W — 3 current meters at 2300m, 2100m and 1800m + an acoustic release 100m off-bottom + buoyancy - 2100m CMs are all equipped with SEATECH LSS (optical backscatter) sensors (deployed June 15 + 16 1997 - to be recovered summer of 1998) |
Current meters | 36° 16' 15" N 33° 52' 58" W — 3 current meters at 2300m, 2100m and 1800m + an acoustic release 100m off-bottom + buoyancy - 2100m CMs are all equipped with SEATECH LSS (optical backscatter) sensors (deployed June 15 + 16 1997 - to be recovered summer of 1998) |
Current meters | 36° 17' 17" N 33° 51' 5" W — 3 current meters at 2300m, 2100m and 1800m + an acoustic release 100m off-bottom + buoyancy - 2100m CMs are all equipped with SEATECH LSS (optical backscatter) sensors (deployed June 15 + 16 1997 - to be recovered summer of 1998) |
Current meters | 36° 17' 11" N 33° 53' 57" W — 4 current meters at 2300m, 2100m, 1800m and 100m + release (deployed June 15 + 16 1997 - to be recovered summer of 1998) |