Metadata Report for BODC Series Reference Number 2282820

• Metadata Summary

• Problem Reports

• Data Access Policy

• Narrative Documents

• Project Information

• Data Activity or Cruise Information

• Fixed Station Information

• BODC Quality Flags

• SeaDataNet Quality Flags

Metadata Summary

Problem Reports

No Problem Report Found in the Database

Data Access Policy

Open Data

These data have no specific confidentiality restrictions for users. However, users must acknowledge data sources as it is not ethical to publish data without proper attribution. Any publication or other output resulting from usage of the data should include an acknowledgment.

If the Information Provider does not provide a specific attribution statement, or if you are using Information from several Information Providers and multiple attributions are not practical in your product or application, you may consider using the following:

"Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v1.0."

Narrative Documents

Thermo Scientific DELTA V Mass Spectrometer

The Thermo Scientific DELTA V series of isotope ratio mass spectrometers includes the DELTA V Advantage and the DELTA V Plus models. The two models are built on the same platform and offer all standard applications, including H₂ analysis under helium carrier gas load. The DELTA V Advantage can be upgraded to the DELTA V Plus which has additional functionality for a wider scope of applications. Features of the DELTA V generation include use with up to ten detectors, use with a wide range of sample preparation devices, Dual Inlet system, a wide range of collector configurations and integrated signal amplifiers and digitizers. In addition, the DELTA V design includes a weld-free monolithic analyzer with fixed alignment of all ion optical components, including the electro magnet.

The ion source is computer controlled, supporting manual and automatic tuning and the Dual Inlet system enables close comparison of clean sample and reference gases under viscous flow conditions. The magnet is precision-mounted into the monolithic analyser with intrinsic alignment, its pole faces determining the free flight space for the ions, thus eliminating the traditional flight tube. The gain in ion beam height directly translates into increased sensitivity. The magnet is designed for fast mass switching which is further supported by a fast jump control between consecutive measurements of multiple gases within one run. The sample gas is introduced at ground potential, eliminating the need for insulation of the flow path, ensuring 100 % transfer into the ion source. Three or more isotope ratios can be in a single sample injection. The amplifiers register ion beams up to 50 V; the dynamic range can be further extended by switching between two feedback resistors. The DELTA V series of mass spectrometers are controlled by an automated, integrated Isodat software suite.

Analytical solutions for gas chromatography, HPLC and elemental analyzers enable fully automated isotope ratio analysis on the DETLA V. The Thermo Scientific ConFlo IV Universal Interface is the most widely used interface for coupling elemental analyzers with isotope ratio mass spectrometers. The Thermo Scientific LC IsoLink is commonly used for HPLC separations and the Thermo Scientific GC IsoLink is used for compound specific isotope analysis of complex mixtures separated on a capillary GC column. The DELTA V can be used with the Thermo Scientific GasBench II, a flexible continuous flow preparation device and inlet system with Repetitive Loop Injection of gases. The Thermo Scientific PreCon trace gas pre-concentrator can be connected to the GC IsoLink or the GasBench II for atmospheric trace-gas research in the ppm and ppb range.

The universal triple collector is standard on the Thermo Scientific DELTA V platform and is suitable for all standard applications involving N2, CO, NO, O2, CO2, N2O and SO2. Additional collectors include the D/H collector and individual collector arrangements.

Further details can be found in the manufacturer's manual.

Niskin Bottle

The Niskin bottle is a device used by oceanographers to collect subsurface seawater samples. It is a plastic bottle with caps and rubber seals at each end and is deployed with the caps held open, allowing free-flushing of the bottle as it moves through the water column.

Standard Niskin

The standard version of the bottle includes a plastic-coated metal spring or elastic cord running through the interior of the bottle that joins the two caps, and the caps are held open against the spring by plastic lanyards. When the bottle reaches the desired depth the lanyards are released by a pressure-actuated switch, command signal or messenger weight and the caps are forced shut and sealed, trapping the seawater sample.

Lever Action Niskin

The Lever Action Niskin Bottle differs from the standard version, in that the caps are held open during deployment by externally mounted stainless steel springs rather than an internal spring or cord. Lever Action Niskins are recommended for applications where a completely clear sample chamber is critical or for use in deep cold water.

Clean Sampling

A modified version of the standard Niskin bottle has been developed for clean sampling. This is teflon-coated and uses a latex cord to close the caps rather than a metal spring. The clean version of the Levered Action Niskin bottle is also teflon-coated and uses epoxy covered springs in place of the stainless steel springs. These bottles are specifically designed to minimise metal contamination when sampling trace metals.

Deployment

Bottles may be deployed singly clamped to a wire or in groups of up to 48 on a rosette. Standard bottles and Lever Action bottles have a capacity between 1.7 and 30 L. Reversing thermometers may be attached to a spring-loaded disk that rotates through 180° on bottle closure.

JR20120601 Stable isotope composition of dissolved inorganic carbon (CTD bottles and underway samples)

Originator's Protocol for Data Acquisition and Analysis

These data originate from analyses of samples collected during UK Ocean Acidification cruise JR20120601 from the Northeastern Atlantic and Nordic Seas during summer 2012.

Samples for analysis of stable isotope composition were collected from the source (niskin bottle or underway seawater supply) following best practise protocols (Dickson et al., 2007). Samples were collected via silicone tubing into containers first rinsed with deionised water and excess sample. Two different sample containers were used, firstly, 100 mL glass bottles with ground glass stoppers, lubricated with Apiezon L grease and held shut with electrical tape. Secondly, 50 mL glass vials with plastic screw-cap lids and PTFE/silicone septa. Each sample was sterilized with saturated mercuric chloride solution before sealing. A 1 ml air headspace was also introduced to the bottles, but the vials were sealed completely full of seawater. The samples were stored in the dark until analysis.

Sample analysis was carried out at the Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre - Isotope Community Support Facility (SUERC-ICSF). Subsamples of 1 ml volume were transferred into Exetainer glass vials which had been purged with helium in an automated process carried out by a CTC Analytics PAL system. These were then acidified with 10 % phosphoric acid and left to equilibrate overnight. The d13C of the CO₂ in the headspace in each vial was measured using a Thermo Scientific GasBench II feeding a Thermo Scientific Delta V mass spectrometer. Measurements of SUERC-ICSF in-house standards were used to calibrate to the Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite international standard. The analytical precision was 0.07 ‰ (Humphrey's et al., 2015).

References Cited

Dickson et al., 2007. Guide to best practices for ocean CO₂ measurements, PICES Special Publication 3

Humphreys et al., 2015. Measurements of the stable isotope composition of dissolved inorganic carbon in the Northeastern Atlantic and Nordic Seas during summer 2012, Earth System Science Data Discussions

Instrumentation Description

Thermo Scientific GasBench II

Thermo Scientific Delta V mass spectrometer

BODC Data Processing Procedures

Data were submitted via email in an Excel spreadsheet archived under BODC's accession number SOC140191. Sample metadata including Cruise ID, Station, Latitude, Longitude, date, time, depth and rosette position were provided. These were compared to the cruise report and information held in the database. There were no discrepancies.

Parameter codes defined in BODC parameter dictionary were assigned to the variables. The data were provided in the same units as the parameter units in the BODC database so no unit conversions were necessary.

The data were reformatted and loaded in BODC's samples database under Oracle Relational Database Management System. Individual samples were matched through rosette sampling bottle and depth.

A parameter mapping table is provided below;

Data Quality Report

BODC were not advised of specific quality checks carried out by the data originator.

Problem Report

Not relevant to this data set.

Project Information

UKOARP Theme B: Ocean acidification impacts on sea surface biology, biogeochemistry and climate

The overall aim of this theme is to obtain a quantitative understanding of the impact of ocean acidification (OA) on the surface ocean biology and ecosystem and on the role of the surface ocean within the overall Earth System.

The aims of the theme are:

• To ascertain the impact of OA on planktonic organisms (in terms of physiological impacts, morphology, population abundances and community composition).
• To quantify the impacts of OA on biogeochemical processes affecting the ocean carbon cycle (both directly and indirectly, such as via availability of bio-limiting nutrients).
• To quantify the impacts of OA on the air-sea flux of climate active gases (DMS and N₂O in particular).

The main consortium activities will consist of in-situ measurements on three dedicated cruises, as well as on-deck bioassay experiments probing the response of the in-situ community to elevated CO₂. Most of the planned work will be carried out on the three cruises to locations with strong gradients in seawater carbon chemistry and pH; the Arctic Ocean, around the British Isles and the Southern Ocean.

Weblink: http://www.oceanacidification.org.uk/research_programme/surface_ocean.aspx

Data Activity or Cruise Information

Data Activity

BODC Sample Metadata Report for JR20120601_CTD_CTD017s

Please note:the supplied parameters may not have been sampled from all the bottle firings described in the table above. Cross-match the Sample Reference Number above against the SAMPRFNM value in the data file to identify the relevant metadata.

Related Data Activity activities are detailed in Appendix 1

Cruise

Complete Cruise Metadata Report is available here

Fixed Station Information

No Fixed Station Information held for the Series

BODC Quality Control Flags

The following single character qualifying flags may be associated with one or more individual parameters with a data cycle:

SeaDataNet Quality Control Flags

The following single character qualifying flags may be associated with one or more individual parameters with a data cycle:

Appendix 1: JR20120601_CTD_CTD017s

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