RRS Discovery DY181
Cruise summary report
| Cruise Info. | |
| Ship name (ship code) | RRS Discovery (74EQ) |
| Cruise identifier | DY181 |
| Cruise period | 2024-07-03 — 2024-07-28 |
| Status | Completed |
| Port of departure | Aberdeen, United Kingdom |
| Port of return | Reykjavík, Iceland |
| Purpose | Research |
| Objectives | The primary objective of the expedition was to service the OSNAP/CLASS/AtlantiS array of moorings that are deployed across the subpolar North Atlantic to measure the variability of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). The main measurements required are of temperature, salinity, current speed. On this expedition there are two main groups of moorings measuring these variables: one for the Rockall Trough and one in the Iceland Basin. In addition, a CTD section was undertaken between the Scottish continental shelf and 57°58.84'N, 025°40.57'W, just west of the mooring IB3.
The expedition had a number of additional objectives: - Additional instruments were deployed on moorings to measure oxygen, pH and nutrients. - To calibrate the moored instruments a number of CTD profiles were made measuring temperature, salinity and oxygen. Water samples were taken and analysed for salinity and oxygen, nutrients, DIC and total alkalinity. - 6 Argo floats were deployed. These are a part of the international Argo program (http://www.argo.net). - A new drift free pressure sensor was deployed on a lander at the IB4 site and data was downloaded from a similar instrument installed at the RTEB1 side in 2022. - A mooring to observe particles falling to the sea floor (sediment trap and ADCP) was serviced at the Darwin Mounds Marine protected Area. - Lab-on-chip was installed to automate water sampling for surface carbon chemistry parameters. |
| Chief scientist | Kristin Burmeister (Scottish Association for Marine Science), Tiago S Dotto (National Oceanography Centre, Southampton) |
| Project | OSNAP, ELLET ARRAY, CLASS, AtlantiS |
| Coordinating body | National Oceanography Centre; Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS) |
| Cruise report |  (17.46 MB) |
| Ocean/sea areas | |
| General | North East Atlantic Ocean (limit 40W) |
| Measurements | |
| Physical oceanography | |
| Surface measurements underway (T,S) | Quantity: activity duration in days = 25 Description: Underway measurements were made of meteorological variables (wind speed and direction, air temperature and humidity, surface pressure and irradiance); surface (5m) temperature and salinity; subsurface currents from 150kHz and 75 kHz ADCPs; and bathymetry from single and multi-beam echo sounders. |
| CTD stations | Quantity: number of stations = 101 Description: CTD stations, vertical profiles of conductivity, temperature, pressure and oxygen. Samples were taken for calibration of salinity and oxygen |
| Current profiler (eg ADCP) | Quantity: activity duration in days = 25 Description: Underway measurements were made of meteorological variables (wind speed and direction, air temperature and humidity, surface pressure and irradiance); surface (5m) temperature and salinity; subsurface currents from 150kHz and 75 kHz ADCPs; and bathymetry from single and multi-beam echo sounders. |
| Chemical oceanography | |
| Oxygen | Quantity: number of stations = 101 Description: CTD stations, vertical profiles of conductivity, temperature, pressure and oxygen. Samples were taken for calibration of salinity and oxygen |
| Carbon dioxide | Quantity: number of stations = 18 Description: On selected CTD stations samples were taken and stored for later analysis of dissolved inorganic carbon, and total alkalinity |
| Carbon dioxide | Quantity: number of stations = 14 Description: On selected CTD stations samples were taken and stored for later analysis of dissolved inorganic carbon, and total alkalinity. |
| Carbon dioxide | Quantity: activity duration in days = 25 Description: Continuous underway measurements of pCO2 using a GO-8060 system, and continuous underway measurements of pH, total alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon using Lab-on-Chip sensors |
| Phosphate | Quantity: number of stations = 45 Description: On selected CTD stations samples were taken and stored for later analysis of inorganic nutrients and organic nitrogen |
| Total - P | Quantity: number of stations = 45 Description: On selected CTD stations samples were taken and stored for later analysis of inorganic nutrients and organic nitrogen |
| Nitrate | Quantity: number of stations = 45 Description: On selected CTD stations samples were taken and stored for later analysis of inorganic nutrients and organic nitrogen |
| Nitrite | Quantity: number of stations = 45 Description: On selected CTD stations samples were taken and stored for later analysis of inorganic nutrients and organic nitrogen |
| Silicate | Quantity: number of stations = 45 Description: On selected CTD stations samples were taken and stored for later analysis of inorganic nutrients and organic nitrogen |
| Alkalinity | Quantity: activity duration in days = 25 Description: Continuous underway measurements of pCO2 using a GO-8060 system, and continuous underway measurements of pH, total alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon using Lab-on-Chip sensors |
| Alkalinity | Quantity: number of stations = 14 Description: On selected CTD stations samples were taken and stored for later analysis of dissolved inorganic carbon, and total alkalinity. |
| Alkalinity | Quantity: number of stations = 18 Description: On selected CTD stations samples were taken and stored for later analysis of dissolved inorganic carbon, and total alkalinity |
| pH | Quantity: number of stations = 14 Description: On selected CTD stations samples were taken and stored for later analysis of dissolved inorganic carbon, and total alkalinity. |
| pH | Quantity: activity duration in days = 25 Description: Continuous underway measurements of pCO2 using a GO-8060 system, and continuous underway measurements of pH, total alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon using Lab-on-Chip sensors |
| Biology and fisheries | |
| Phytoplankton pigs (eg chlorophyll, fluorescence) | Quantity: number of stations = 27 Description: Discrete underway samples and storage of filtrated seawater for later analysis of flow cytometry, chlorophyll, particulate inorganic carbon, scanning electron microscopy and DNA/RNA |
| Phytoplankton | Quantity: number of stations = 27 Description: Discrete underway samples and storage of filtrated seawater for later analysis of flow cytometry, chlorophyll, particulate inorganic carbon, scanning electron microscopy and DNA/RNA |
| Meteorology | |
| Incident radiation | Quantity: activity duration in days = 25 Description: Underway measurements were made of meteorological variables (wind speed and direction, air temperature and humidity, surface pressure and irradiance); surface (5m) temperature and salinity; subsurface currents from 150kHz and 75 kHz ADCPs; and bathymetry from single and multi-beam echo sounders. |
| Routine standard measurements | Quantity: activity duration in days = 25 Description: Underway measurements were made of meteorological variables (wind speed and direction, air temperature and humidity, surface pressure and irradiance); surface (5m) temperature and salinity; subsurface currents from 150kHz and 75 kHz ADCPs; and bathymetry from single and multi-beam echo sounders. |
| Geology and geophysics | |
| Single-beam echosounding | Quantity: activity duration in days = 25 Description: Underway measurements were made of meteorological variables (wind speed and direction, air temperature and humidity, surface pressure and irradiance); surface (5m) temperature and salinity; subsurface currents from 150kHz and 75 kHz ADCPs; and bathymetry from single and multi-beam echo sounders. |
| Multi-beam echosounding | Quantity: activity duration in days = 25 Description: Underway measurements were made of meteorological variables (wind speed and direction, air temperature and humidity, surface pressure and irradiance); surface (5m) temperature and salinity; subsurface currents from 150kHz and 75 kHz ADCPs; and bathymetry from single and multi-beam echo sounders. |
| Moorings, landers, buoys | |
| Physical oceanography | |
| CTD stations | 57° 13' 36" N 10° 1' 23" W — Argo autonomous profiling float deployment. SBS-NAVIS F1565, 0-2000m |
| CTD stations | 61° 0' 0" N 21° 0' 0" W — Argo autonomous profiling float deployment. APEX 9470, 0-2000m |
| CTD stations | 57° 52' 41" N 20° 29' 53" W — Argo autonomous profiling float deployment. SBS-NAVIS F1533, 0-2000m |
| CTD stations | 60° 0' 0" N 21° 46' 41" W — Argo autonomous profiling float deployment. SBS-NAVIS F1567, 0-2000m |
| CTD stations | 57° 57' 42" N 24° 28' 5" W — Argo autonomous profiling float deployment. SBS-NAVIS F1566, 0-2000m |
| CTD stations | 57° 58' 23" N 26° 0' 10" W — Argo autonomous profiling float deployment. APEX 9599, 0-2000m |
| Subsurface temperature and salinity measurements | 57° 48' 6" N 19° 10' 18" W — 7 CTD, 2 current meters, 1 ADCP, 50m-900m (IB5) recover |
| Subsurface temperature and salinity measurements | 59° 51' 42" N 7° 2' 41" W — 2 CTD, 1 sediment trap, 1 ADCP 950 -1000m (DLMTL). Deployed and recovered. |
| Subsurface temperature and salinity measurements | 57° 6' 0" N 9° 33' 47" W — 10 CTD, 4 CTD-Oxygen, 6CM, 1 pH, 50m-1800m (RTEB1) . Deployed and recovered. |
| Subsurface temperature and salinity measurements | 58° 0' 47" N 24° 25' 30" W — 12 CTD, 3 CM, 1 ADCP, 50m-2900m (IB3) recover |
| Subsurface temperature and salinity measurements | 57° 59' 24" N 21° 8' 48" W — 12 CTD, 4 CTD+Oxygen, 3 current meters, 1 ADCP, 50m-2900m (IB4) recover |
| Subsurface temperature and salinity measurements | 57° 59' 24" N 21° 8' 48" W — 12 CTD, 4 CTD+Oxygen, 3 current meters, 2 ADCP, 50m-2900m (IB4) deploy |
| Subsurface temperature and salinity measurements | 57° 36' 54" N 15° 24' 0" W — 1 CTD, 1 ADCP (RHADCP). Deployed and recovered. |
| Subsurface temperature and salinity measurements | 57° 48' 6" N 19° 10' 18" W — 7 CTD, 2 current meters, 2 ADCP, 50m-900m (IB5) deploy |
| Subsurface temperature and salinity measurements | 57° 28' 11" N 12° 18' 36" W — 3 CTD, 3 current meters, 1000m-1800m (WB2). Deployed and recovered. |
| Subsurface temperature and salinity measurements | 57° 6' 0" N 9° 33' 47" W — 10 CTD, 4 CTD-Oxygen, 6 current meters, 1 Ph, 50m-1800m (RTEB1) recover |
| Subsurface temperature and salinity measurements | 57° 28' 11" N 12° 42' 18" W — 9 CTD, 5 current meters, 50m-1600m (WB1). Deployed and recovered. |
| Current meters | 57° 6' 0" N 9° 33' 47" W — 10 CTD, 4 CTD-Oxygen, 6CM, 1 pH, 50m-1800m (RTEB1) . Deployed and recovered. |
| Current meters | 58° 0' 47" N 24° 25' 30" W — 12 CTD, 3 CM, 1 ADCP, 50m-2900m (IB3) recover |
| Current meters | 57° 48' 6" N 19° 10' 18" W — 7 CTD, 2 current meters, 2 ADCP, 50m-900m (IB5) deploy |
| Current meters | 57° 28' 11" N 12° 18' 36" W — 3 CTD, 3 current meters, 1000m-1800m (WB2). Deployed and recovered. |
| Current meters | 57° 59' 24" N 21° 8' 48" W — 12 CTD, 4 CTD+Oxygen, 3 current meters, 1 ADCP, 50m-2900m (IB4) recover |
| Current meters | 57° 28' 11" N 12° 42' 18" W — 9 CTD, 5 current meters, 50m-1600m (WB1). Deployed and recovered. |
| Current meters | 57° 59' 24" N 21° 8' 48" W — 12 CTD, 4 CTD+Oxygen, 3 current meters, 2 ADCP, 50m-2900m (IB4) deploy |
| Current meters | 57° 48' 6" N 19° 10' 18" W — 7 CTD, 2 current meters, 1 ADCP, 50m-900m (IB5) recover |
| Current meters | 57° 6' 0" N 9° 33' 47" W — 10 CTD, 4 CTD-Oxygen, 6 current meters, 1 Ph, 50m-1800m (RTEB1) recover |
| Current profiler (eg ADCP) | 59° 51' 42" N 7° 2' 41" W — 2 CTD, 1 sediment trap, 1 ADCP 950 -1000m (DLMTL). Deployed and recovered. |
| Current profiler (eg ADCP) | 58° 0' 47" N 24° 25' 30" W — 12 CTD, 3 CM, 1 ADCP, 50m-2900m (IB3) recover |
| Current profiler (eg ADCP) | 57° 48' 6" N 19° 10' 18" W — 7 CTD, 2 current meters, 2 ADCP, 50m-900m (IB5) deploy |
| Current profiler (eg ADCP) | 57° 59' 24" N 21° 8' 48" W — 12 CTD, 4 CTD+Oxygen, 3 current meters, 2 ADCP, 50m-2900m (IB4) deploy |
| Current profiler (eg ADCP) | 57° 59' 24" N 21° 8' 48" W — 12 CTD, 4 CTD+Oxygen, 3 current meters, 1 ADCP, 50m-2900m (IB4) recover |
| Current profiler (eg ADCP) | 57° 36' 54" N 15° 24' 0" W — 1 CTD, 1 ADCP (RHADCP). Deployed and recovered. |
| Current profiler (eg ADCP) | 57° 48' 6" N 19° 10' 18" W — 7 CTD, 2 current meters, 1 ADCP, 50m-900m (IB5) recover |
| Sea level (inc. bot. press., inverted echosounder) | 57° 59' 30" N 21° 7' 54" W — Bottom pressure recorder, 2900m (IB4L1), deploy |
| Sea level (inc. bot. press., inverted echosounder) | 57° 5' 53" N 9° 33' 6" W — Bottom pressure recorder, 1800m, data download Sep 2023 to July 2024. Deployed and recovered. |
| Chemical oceanography | |
| Oxygen | 60° 0' 0" N 21° 46' 41" W — Argo autonomous profiling float deployment. SBS-NAVIS F1567, 0-2000m |
| Oxygen | 61° 0' 0" N 21° 0' 0" W — Argo autonomous profiling float deployment. APEX 9470, 0-2000m |
| Oxygen | 57° 59' 24" N 21° 8' 48" W — 12 CTD, 4 CTD+Oxygen, 3 current meters, 1 ADCP, 50m-2900m (IB4) recover |
| Oxygen | 57° 58' 23" N 26° 0' 10" W — Argo autonomous profiling float deployment. APEX 9599, 0-2000m |
| Oxygen | 57° 59' 24" N 21° 8' 48" W — 12 CTD, 4 CTD+Oxygen, 3 current meters, 2 ADCP, 50m-2900m (IB4) deploy |
| Oxygen | 57° 57' 42" N 24° 28' 5" W — Argo autonomous profiling float deployment. SBS-NAVIS F1566, 0-2000m |
| Oxygen | 57° 6' 0" N 9° 33' 47" W — 10 CTD, 4 CTD-Oxygen, 6 current meters, 1 Ph, 50m-1800m (RTEB1) recover |
| Oxygen | 57° 52' 41" N 20° 29' 53" W — Argo autonomous profiling float deployment. SBS-NAVIS F1533, 0-2000m |
| Oxygen | 57° 13' 36" N 10° 1' 23" W — Argo autonomous profiling float deployment. SBS-NAVIS F1565, 0-2000m |
| Oxygen | 57° 6' 0" N 9° 33' 47" W — 10 CTD, 4 CTD-Oxygen, 6CM, 1 pH, 50m-1800m (RTEB1) . Deployed and recovered. |
| Nitrate | 60° 0' 0" N 21° 46' 41" W — Argo autonomous profiling float deployment. SBS-NAVIS F1567, 0-2000m |
| Nitrate | 61° 0' 0" N 21° 0' 0" W — Argo autonomous profiling float deployment. APEX 9470, 0-2000m |
| Nitrate | 57° 57' 42" N 24° 28' 5" W — Argo autonomous profiling float deployment. SBS-NAVIS F1566, 0-2000m |
| Nitrate | 57° 52' 41" N 20° 29' 53" W — Argo autonomous profiling float deployment. SBS-NAVIS F1533, 0-2000m |
| Nitrate | 57° 58' 23" N 26° 0' 10" W — Argo autonomous profiling float deployment. APEX 9599, 0-2000m |
| Nitrate | 57° 13' 36" N 10° 1' 23" W — Argo autonomous profiling float deployment. SBS-NAVIS F1565, 0-2000m |
| Nitrate | 57° 6' 0" N 9° 33' 47" W — 1CTD, 1 Suna, 200 m (RTEB1) deploy |
| pH | 57° 6' 0" N 9° 33' 47" W — 10 CTD, 4 CTD-Oxygen, 6CM, 1 pH, 50m-1800m (RTEB1) . Deployed and recovered. |
| pH | 57° 6' 0" N 9° 33' 47" W — 10 CTD, 4 CTD-Oxygen, 6 current meters, 1 Ph, 50m-1800m (RTEB1) recover |
| pH | 57° 13' 36" N 10° 1' 23" W — Argo autonomous profiling float deployment. SBS-NAVIS F1565, 0-2000m |
| pH | 57° 58' 23" N 26° 0' 10" W — Argo autonomous profiling float deployment. APEX 9599, 0-2000m |
| pH | 57° 57' 42" N 24° 28' 5" W — Argo autonomous profiling float deployment. SBS-NAVIS F1566, 0-2000m |
| pH | 60° 0' 0" N 21° 46' 41" W — Argo autonomous profiling float deployment. SBS-NAVIS F1567, 0-2000m |
| pH | 57° 52' 41" N 20° 29' 53" W — Argo autonomous profiling float deployment. SBS-NAVIS F1533, 0-2000m |
| pH | 61° 0' 0" N 21° 0' 0" W — Argo autonomous profiling float deployment. APEX 9470, 0-2000m |
| Biology and fisheries | |
| Phytoplankton pigs (eg chlorophyll, fluorescence) | 57° 57' 42" N 24° 28' 5" W — Argo autonomous profiling float deployment. SBS-NAVIS F1566, 0-2000m |
| Phytoplankton pigs (eg chlorophyll, fluorescence) | 57° 13' 36" N 10° 1' 23" W — Argo autonomous profiling float deployment. SBS-NAVIS F1565, 0-2000m |
| Phytoplankton pigs (eg chlorophyll, fluorescence) | 57° 58' 23" N 26° 0' 10" W — Argo autonomous profiling float deployment. APEX 9599, 0-2000m |
| Phytoplankton pigs (eg chlorophyll, fluorescence) | 61° 0' 0" N 21° 0' 0" W — Argo autonomous profiling float deployment. APEX 9470, 0-2000m |
| Phytoplankton pigs (eg chlorophyll, fluorescence) | 60° 0' 0" N 21° 46' 41" W — Argo autonomous profiling float deployment. SBS-NAVIS F1567, 0-2000m |
| Phytoplankton pigs (eg chlorophyll, fluorescence) | 57° 52' 41" N 20° 29' 53" W — Argo autonomous profiling float deployment. SBS-NAVIS F1533, 0-2000m |
| Sediment traps | 59° 51' 42" N 7° 2' 41" W — 2 CTD, 1 sediment trap, 1 ADCP 950 -1000m (DLMTL). Deployed and recovered. |
