Metadata Report for BODC Series Reference Number 2289984

• Metadata Summary

• Problem Reports

• Data Access Policy

• Narrative Documents

• Project Information

• Data Activity or Cruise Information

• Fixed Station Information

• BODC Quality Flags

• SeaDataNet Quality Flags

Metadata Summary

Problem Reports

No Problem Report Found in the Database

Data Access Policy

Public domain data

These data have no specific confidentiality restrictions for users. However, users must acknowledge data sources as it is not ethical to publish data without proper attribution. Any publication or other output resulting from usage of the data should include an acknowledgment.

The recommended acknowledgment is

"This study uses data from the data source/organisation/programme, provided by the British Oceanographic Data Centre and funded by the funding body."

Narrative Documents

Niskin Bottle

The Niskin bottle is a device used by oceanographers to collect subsurface seawater samples. It is a plastic bottle with caps and rubber seals at each end and is deployed with the caps held open, allowing free-flushing of the bottle as it moves through the water column.

Standard Niskin

The standard version of the bottle includes a plastic-coated metal spring or elastic cord running through the interior of the bottle that joins the two caps, and the caps are held open against the spring by plastic lanyards. When the bottle reaches the desired depth the lanyards are released by a pressure-actuated switch, command signal or messenger weight and the caps are forced shut and sealed, trapping the seawater sample.

Lever Action Niskin

The Lever Action Niskin Bottle differs from the standard version, in that the caps are held open during deployment by externally mounted stainless steel springs rather than an internal spring or cord. Lever Action Niskins are recommended for applications where a completely clear sample chamber is critical or for use in deep cold water.

Clean Sampling

A modified version of the standard Niskin bottle has been developed for clean sampling. This is teflon-coated and uses a latex cord to close the caps rather than a metal spring. The clean version of the Levered Action Niskin bottle is also teflon-coated and uses epoxy covered springs in place of the stainless steel springs. These bottles are specifically designed to minimise metal contamination when sampling trace metals.

Deployment

Bottles may be deployed singly clamped to a wire or in groups of up to 48 on a rosette. Standard bottles and Lever Action bottles have a capacity between 1.7 and 30 L. Reversing thermometers may be attached to a spring-loaded disk that rotates through 180° on bottle closure.

Carbonate System Parameters for cruises Belgica BG9714B, BG9714C, BG9714D, BG9815B, BG9815C, BG9815D, BG9919A, BG9919B and BG9919C, Charles Darwin CD110B, CD114A and CD114B and Meteor M43_2

Document History

Converted from CDROM documentation

Content of data series

Data Originator

Dr Michel Frankignoulle, University of Liège, Belgium.

Sampling strategy and methodology

pH was measured using a combined ROSS electrode and is calibrated on the total proton scale using buffers proposed by Dickson (1993). The error on the pH is estimated to 0.005 pH units.

Total alkalinity was determined by electrotitration (Gran method). Errors on measured alkalinity are estimated to 4 µEq/kg.

Carbon dioxide speciation (TCO₂ and pCO₂) has been calculated from alkalinity and pH using CO₂ constants from Roy et al. (1993). The borate constant was from Dickson (1990). The carbon dioxide solubility coefficient was from Weiss (1974). The error on pCO₂ was estimated to be 8-10 ppm.

Further details of the methods used are given in Frankignoulle et al. (1986, 1996).

The alkalinity and TCO₂ data were supplied in units of mEq/kg and millimoles/kg. BODC standard practice is to store parameters in units per litre together with a conversion factor derived from in-situ pressure, temperature and salinity (TOKGPR01) that effects the conversion from litres to kilograms. The database units for these parameters are micromoles rather than millimoles. Consequently, the data supplied had the following transform applied:

Database value = (Original value * 1000)/TOKGPR01

The pH units supplied were also in terms of per kilogram. The following transform was applied to convert the data into a concentration per litre:

Database value = -1.0 * log₁₀(10**((Original value * -1)/TOKGPR01))

References

Dickson, A.G. 1990. Thermodynamics of the dissociation of boric acid in synthetic seawater from 273.15 to 298.15 K. Deep Sea Research 37, 755 766.

Dickson, A.G., 1993. pH buffers for sea-water media based on the total hydrogen-ion concentration scale. Deep-Sea Research, 40, 107-118.

Frankignoulle, M., Bourge, I., Canon, C., Dauby, P., 1986. Distribution of surface seawater partial CO₂ pressure in the English Channel and in the Southern Bight of the North Sea. Continental Shelf Research, 16, 381-395.

Frankignoulle, M., Elskens, M., Biondo R., Bourge, I., Canon, C., Desgain S. and P. Dauby, 1996. Distribution of inorganic carbon and related parameters in surface seawater of the English Channel during Spring 1994. Journal of Marine Systems, 7, 427-434.

Roy, R.N., Roy, L.N., Vogel, K.M., Moore, C.P., Pearson, T., Good, C.E., Millero, F.J. and Cambell, 1993. Determination of the ionization constants of carbonic acid in seawater Marine Chemistry 44, 249 268.

Weiss, R.F., 1974. Carbon dioxide in seawater: the solubility of a non-ideal gas. Marine Chemistry 2, 203-215.

Project Information

Ocean Margin EXchange (OMEX) II - II

Introduction

OMEX was a European multidisciplinary oceanographic research project that studied and quantified the exchange processes of carbon and associated elements between the continental shelf of western Europe and the open Atlantic Ocean. The project ran in two phases known as OMEX I (1993-1996) and OMEX II - II (1997-2000), with a bridging phase OMEX II - I (1996-1997). The project was supported by the European Union under the second and third phases of its MArine Science and Technology Programme (MAST) through contracts MAS2-CT93-0069 and MAS3-CT97-0076. It was led by Professor Roland Wollast from Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium and involved more than 100 scientists from 10 European countries.

Scientific Objectives

The aim of the Ocean Margin EXchange (OMEX) project was to gain a better understanding of the physical, chemical and biological processes occurring at the ocean margins in order to quantify fluxes of energy and matter (carbon, nutrients and other trace elements) across this boundary. The research culminated in the development of quantitative budgets for the areas studied using an approach based on both field measurements and modeling.

OMEX II - II (1997-2000)

The second phase of OMEX concentrated exclusively on the Iberian Margin, although RV Belgica did make some measurements on La Chapelle Bank whilst on passage to Zeebrugge. This is a narrow-shelf environment, which contrasts sharply with the broad shelf adjacent to the Goban Spur. This phase of the project was also strongly multidisciplinary in approach, covering physics, chemistry, biology and geology.

There were a total of 33 OMEX II - II research cruises, plus 23 CPR tows, most of which were instrumented. Some of these cruises took place before the official project start date of June 1997.

Data Availability

Field data collected during OMEX II - II have been published by BODC as a CD-ROM product, entitled:

• OMEX II Project Data Set (three discs)

Further descriptions of this product and order forms may be found on the BODC web site.

The data are also held in BODC's databases and subsets may be obtained by request from BODC.

Data Activity or Cruise Information

Data Activity

BODC Sample Metadata Report for CD110B_CTD_CTD47

Please note:the supplied parameters may not have been sampled from all the bottle firings described in the table above. Cross-match the Sample Reference Number above against the SAMPRFNM value in the data file to identify the relevant metadata.

Related Data Activity activities are detailed in Appendix 1

Cruise

Complete Cruise Metadata Report is available here

Fixed Station Information

Fixed Station Information

OMEX II-II Repeat Section V

Section V was one of ten repeat sections sampled during the Ocean Margin EXchange (OMEX) II-II project between June 1997 and January 1998.

The CTD measurements collected at repeat section V, at the Iberian Margin, lie within a box bounded by co-ordinates 41° 24.7' N, 09° 56.9' W at the southwest corner and 41° 25.5' N, 08° 52.4' W at the northeast corner.

Cruises occupying section V

Related Fixed Station activities are detailed in Appendix 2

BODC Quality Control Flags

The following single character qualifying flags may be associated with one or more individual parameters with a data cycle:

SeaDataNet Quality Control Flags

The following single character qualifying flags may be associated with one or more individual parameters with a data cycle:

Appendix 1: CD110B_CTD_CTD47

Related series for this Data Activity are presented in the table below. Further information can be found by following the appropriate links.

If you are interested in these series, please be aware we offer a multiple file download service. Should your credentials be insufficient for automatic download, the service also offers a referral to our Enquiries Officer who may be able to negotiate access.

Appendix 2: OMEX II-II Repeat Section V

Related series for this Fixed Station are presented in the table below. Further information can be found by following the appropriate links.

If you are interested in these series, please be aware we offer a multiple file download service. Should your credentials be insufficient for automatic download, the service also offers a referral to our Enquiries Officer who may be able to negotiate access.